Chapter 29 Molecular Diagnostics in Large Animals

Molecular Diagnostics in Large Animals

  1. Saiki RK, Scharf S, Faloona F, et al. 1985. Enzymatic amplification of beta-globin genomic sequences and restriction site analysis for diagnosis of sickle cell anemia. Science 230:1350. PUBMED Abstract
  2. Mullis K, Faloona F, Scharf S, et al. 1986. Specific enzymatic amplification of DNA in vitro: the polymerase chain reaction. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 51:263. PUBMED Abstract
  3. Heid CA, Stevens J, Livak KJ, et al. 1996. Real time quantitative PCR. Genome Res 6:986. PUBMED Abstract
  4. Notomi T, Okayama H, Masubuchi H, et al. 2000. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification of DNA. Nucleic Acids Res 28:63. PUBMED Abstract
  5. Pusterla N, Mapes S, Leutenegger CM. 2006. Survey of the large-animal diplomats of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine regarding knowledge and clinical use of polymerase chain reaction: implication for veterinary education. J Vet Med Educ 33:605.
  6. Pang J, Modlin J, Yolken R. 1992. Use of modified nucleotides and uracil-DNA glycosylase (UNG) for the control of contamination in the PCR-based amplification of RNA. Mol Cel Probes 6:251. PUBMED Abstract
  7. Arkush KD, Miller MA, Leutenegger CM, et al. 2003. Molecular and bioassay-based detection of Toxoplasma gondii oocyst uptake by mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis). Int J Parasitol 33:1087. PUBMED Abstract
  8. Pusterla N, Leutenegger CM, Wilson WD. 2005. Equine herpesvirus-4 kinetics in peripheral blood leukocytes and nasopharyngeal secretions in foals using quantitative real-time TaqMan PCR. J Vet Diagn Invest 17:578. PUBMED Abstract
  9. Ibrahim MS, Lofts RS, Jahrling PB, et al. 1998. Real-time microchip PCR for detecting single-base differences in viral and human DNA. Anal Chem 70:2013. PUBMED Abstract
  10. Belgrader P, Benett W, Hadley D, et al. 1998. Rapid pathogen detection using a microchip PCR array instrument. Clin Chem 44:2191. PUBMED Abstract
  11. Belgrader P, Okuzumi M, Pourahmadi F, et al. 2000. A microfluidic cartridge to prepare spores for PCR analysis. Biosens Bioelectron 14:849. PUBMED Abstract

Molecular Testing for Infectious Diseases in Horses

  1. Desmettre P. 1999. Diagnosis and prevention of equine infectious diseases: present status, potential, and challenges for the future. Adv Vet Med 41:359. PUBMED Abstract
  2. Powell DG. 2000. The significance of surveillance and reporting on the prevention and control of equine diseases. Vet Clin North Am (Equine Pract) 16:389. PUBMED Abstract
  3. Paradis MR. 2002. Demographics of health and disease in the geriatric horse. Vet Clin North Am (Equine Pract) 18:39. PUBMED Abstract
  4. Castillo-Olivares J, Wood J. 2004. West Nile virus infection of horses. Vet Res 35:467. PUBMED Abstract
  5. Wolk D, Mitchell S, Patel R. 2001. Principles of molecular microbiology testing methods. Infect Dis Clin North Am 15:1157. PUBMED Abstract
  6. Quinlivan M, Cullinane A, Nelly M, et al. 2004. Comparison of sensitivities of virus isolation, antigen detection, and nucleic acid amplification for detection of equine influenza virus. J Clin Microbiol 42:759. PUBMED Abstract
  7. Van Maanen C, Van Essen GJ, Minke J, et al. 2003. Diagnostic methods applied to analysis of an outbreak of equine influenza in a riding school in which vaccine failure occurred. Vet Microbiol 93:291. PUBMED Abstract
  8. Quinlivan M, Dempsey E, Ryan F, et al. 2005. Real-time reverse transcription PCR for detection and quantitative analysis of equine influenza virus. J Clin Microbiol 43:5055. PUBMED Abstract
  9. Read AJ, Arzey KE, Finlaison DS, et al. 2012. A prospective longitudinal study of naturally infected horses to evaluate the performance characteristics of rapid diagnostic tests for equine influenza virus. Vet Microbiol 156:246. PUBMED Abstract
  10. Wagner W, Bogdan J, Haines D, et al. 1992. Detection of equine herpesviruses and differentiation of equine herpesvirus type 1 from type 4 by the polymerase chain reaction. Can J Microbiol 38:1193. PUBMED Abstract
  11. Lawrence G, Gilkerson J, Love D, et al. 1994. Rapid, single-step differentiation of equid herpesviruses 1 and 4 from clinical material using the polymerase chain reaction and virus-specific primers. J Virol Methods 47:59. PUBMED Abstract
  12. Kirisawa R, Endo A, Iwai H, et al. 1993. Detection and identification of equine herpesvirus-1 and -4 by polymerase chain reaction. Vet Microbiol 36:57. PUBMED Abstract
  13. Pusterla N, Leutenegger CM, Wilson WD, et al. 2005. Equine herpesvirus-4 kinetics in peripheral blood leukocytes and nasopharyngeal secretions in foals using quantitative real-time TaqMan PCR. J Vet Diagn Invest 17:578. PUBMED Abstract
  14. Pusterla N, Wilson WD, Mapes S, et al. 2009. Characterization of viral loads, strain and state of equine herpesvirus-1 using real-time PCR in horses following natural exposure at a racetrack in California. Vet J 179:230. PUBMED Abstract
  15. Timoney JF, Artiushin SC. 1997. Detection of Streptococcus equi in equine nasal swabs and washes by DNA amplification. Vet Rec 141:446. PUBMED Abstract
  16. Newton JR, Verheyen K, Talbot NC, et al. 2000. Control of strangles outbreaks by isolation of guttural pouch carriers identified using PCR and culture of Streptococcus equi. Equine Vet J 32:51. PUBMED Abstract
  17. Gronbaek LM, Angen O, Vigre H, et al. 2006. Evaluation of a nested PCR test and bacterial culture of swabs from the nasal passages and from abscesses in relation to diagnosis of Streptococcus equi infection (strangles). Equine Vet J 38:59. PUBMED Abstract
  18. Kelly C, Bugg M, Robinson C, et al. 2006. Sequence variation of the SeM gene of Streptococcus equi allows discrimination of the source of strangles outbreaks. J Clin Microbiol 44:480. PUBMED Abstract
  19. Lanka S, Borst LB, Patterson SK, et al. 2010. A multiphasic typing approach to subtype Streptococcus equi subspecies equi. J Vet Diagn Invest 22:928. PUBMED Abstract
  20. Giguere S, Prescott JF. 1997. Clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of Rhodococcus equi infections in foals. Vet Microbiol 56:313. PUBMED Abstract
  21. Falcon J, Smith BP, O'Brien TR, et al. 1985. Clinical and radiographic findings in Corynebacterium equi pneumonia of foals. J Am Vet Med Assoc 186:593. PUBMED Abstract
  22. Sweeney CR, Sweeney RW, Divers TJ. 1987. Rhodococcus equi pneumonia in 48 foals: response to antimicrobial therapy. Vet Microbiol 14:329. PUBMED Abstract
  23. Hillidge CJ. 1987. Use of erythromycin-rifampin combination in treatment of Rhodococcus equi pneumonia. Vet Microbiol 14:337. PUBMED Abstract
  24. Takai S, Sekizaki T, Ozawa T, et al. 1991. Association between a large plasmid and 15- to 17-kilodalton antigens in virulent Rhodococcus equi. Infect Immun 59:4056. PUBMED Abstract
  25. Takai S, Watanabe Y, Ikeda T, et al. 1993. Virulence-associated plasmids in Rhodococcus equi. J Clin Microbiol 31:1726. PUBMED Abstract
  26. Sellon DC, Besser TE, Vivrette SL, et al. 2001. Comparison of nucleic acid amplification, serology, and microbiologic culture for diagnosis of Rhodococcus equi pneumonia in foals. J Clin Microbiol 39:1289. PUBMED Abstract
  27. Pusterla N, Wilson WD, Mapes S, et al. 2006. Evaluation of nasopharyngeal swabs and feces as potentially useful diagnostic specimens for Rhodococcus equi pneumonia in foals using real-time TaqMan PCR. Proceedings of the 24th Annual ACVIM Forum, May 31-Jun 1, Louisville, KY, 798.
  28. Quinlivan M, Maxwell G, Lyons P, et al. 2010. Real-time RT-PCR for the detection and quantitative analysis of equine rhinitis viruses. Equine Vet J 42:98. PUBMED Abstract
  29. Diaz-Mendez A, Viel L, Hewson J, et al. 2010. Surveillance of equine respiratory viruses in Ontario. Can J Vet Res 74:271. PUBMED Abstract
  30. Balasuriya UB, Leutenegger CM, Topol JB, et al. 2002. Detection of equine arteritis virus by real-time TaqMan reverse transcription-PCR assay. J Virol Methods 101:21. PUBMED Abstract
  31. Fortier G, van Erck E, Pronost S, et al. 2010. Equine gammaherpesviruses: pathogenesis, epidemiology and diagnosis. Vet J 186:148. PUBMED Abstract
  32. Williams KJ, Maes R, Del Piero F, et al. 2007. Equine multinodular pulmonary fibrosis: a newly recognized herpesvirus-associated fibrotic lung disease. Vet Pathol 44:849. PUBMED Abstract
  33. Wong DM, Belgrave RL, Williams KJ, et al. 2008. Multinodular pulmonary fibrosis in five horses. J Am Vet Med Assoc 232:898. PUBMED Abstract
  34. MacKay RJ, Granstrom DE, Saville WJ, et al. 2000. Equine protozoal myeloencephalitis. Vet Clin North Am (Equine Pract) 16:405. PUBMED Abstract
  35. Dubey JP, Lindsay DS, Saville WJ, et al. 2001. A review of Sarcocystis neurona and equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM). Vet Parasitol 95:89. PUBMED Abstract
  36. Furr M, MacKay R, Granstrom D, et al. 2002. Clinical diagnosis of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM). J Vet Intern Med 16:618. PUBMED Abstract
  37. Marsh AE, Barr BC, Madigan J, et al. 1996. Sequence analysis and polymerase chain reaction amplification of small subunit ribosomal DNA from Sarcocystis neurona. Am J Vet Res 57:975. PUBMED Abstract
  38. Marsh AE, Barr BC, Madigan J, et al. 1996. Neosporosis as a cause of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis. J Am Vet Med Assoc 209:1907. PUBMED Abstract
  39. Pusterla N, Leutenegger CM, Conrad BC, et al. 2006. Cytokine gene signatures in neural tissue of horses diagnosed with equine protozoal myeloencephalitis or equine herpesvirus-1 myeloencephalopathy. Vet Rec 159:341. PUBMED Abstract
  40. Elsheikha HM, Mansfield LS. 2007. Molecular typing of Sarcocystis neurona: current status and future trends. Vet Parasitol 149:43. PUBMED Abstract
  41. Wobeser BK, Godson DL, Rejmanek D, et al. 2009. Equine protozoal myeloencephalitis caused by Neospora hughesi in an adult horse in Saskatchewan. Can Vet J 50:851. PUBMED Abstract
  42. Long MT, Mines MT, Knowles DP, et al. 2002. Sarcocystis neurona: parasitemia in a severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) horse fed sporocysts. Exp Parasitol 100:150. PUBMED Abstract
  43. Rossano MG, Schott HC, Murphy AJ, et al. 2005. Parasitemia in an immunocompetent horse experimentally challenged with Sarcocystis neurona sporocysts. Vet Parasitol 127:3. PUBMED Abstract
  44. Ostlund EN, Andresen JE, Andresen M. 2000. West Nile encephalitis. Vet Clin North Am (Equine Pract) 16:427. PUBMED Abstract
  45. Ostlund EN, Crom RL, Pedersen DD, et al. 2001. Equine West Nile encephalitis, United States. Emerg Infect Dis 7:665. PUBMED Abstract
  46. Briese T, Glass WG, Lipkin WI. 2000. Detection of West Nile virus sequences in cerebrospinal fluid. Lancet 355:1614. PUBMED Abstract
  47. Lanciotti RS, Kerst AJ, Nasci RS, et al. 2000. Rapid detection of West Nile virus from human clinical specimens, field-collected mosquitoes, and avian samples by a TaqMan reverse transcriptase-PCR assay. J Clin Microbiol 38:4066. PUBMED Abstract
  48. Kleiboeker SB, Loiacono CM, Rottinghaus A, et al. 2004. Diagnosis of West Nile virus infection in horses. J Vet Diagn Invest 16:2. PUBMED Abstract
  49. Nasci RS, Gottfried KL, Burkhalter KL, et al. 2002. Comparison of vero cell plaque assay, TaqMan reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction RNA assay, and VecTest antigen assay for detection of West Nile virus in field-collected mosquitoes. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 18:294. PUBMED Abstract
  50. Wilson WD, Pusterla N. 2004. Equine herpesvirus 1 myeloencephalopathy. In Reed SM, Bayly WM, Sellon DC (eds), Equine internal medicine, ed 2. WB Saunders, St Louis, MO.
  51. Mumford JA. 1984. The development of diagnostic techniques for equine viral disease. Vet Ann 24:182.
  52. Kohn CW, Reed SM, Sofaly CD, et al. 2006. Transmission of EHV-1 in horses with EHV-1 myeloencephalopathy: implications for biosecurity and review. Clin Tech Eq Pract 5:60.
  53. Allen GP, Breathnach CC. 2006. Quantification by real-time PCR of the magnitude and duration of leukocyte-associated viremia in horses infected with neuropathogenic vs. non-neuropathogenic strains of EHV-1. Equine Vet J 38:252. PUBMED Abstract
  54. Hussey SB, Clark R, Lunn KF, et al. 2006. Detection and quantification of equine herpesvirus-1 viremia and nasal shedding by real-time polymerase chain reaction. J Vet Diagn Invest 18:335. PUBMED Abstract
  55. Nugent J, Birch-Machini I, Smith KC, et al. 2006. Analysis of equine herpesvirus type 1 strain variation reveals a point mutation of the DNA polymerase strongly associated with neuropathogenic versus non-neuropathogenic disease outbreaks. J Virol 80:4047.
  56. Allen GB. 2007. Development of a real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for rapid diagnosis of neuropathogenic strains of equine herpesvirus-1. J Vet Diagn Invest 19:69. PUBMED Abstract
  57. Leutenegger CM, Madigan JE, Mapes S, et al. 2008. Detection of EHV-1 neuropathogenic strains using real-time PCR in the neural tissue of horses with myeloencephalopathy. Vet Rec 162:688. PUBMED Abstract
  58. Smith KL, Li Y, Breheny P, et al. 2012. New real-time PCR assay using allelic discrimination for detection and differentiation of equine herpesvirus-1 strains with A2254 and G2254 polymorphisms. J Clin Microbiol 50:1981. PUBMED Abstract
  59. Perkins GA, Goodman LB, Tsujimura K, et al. 2009. Investigation of the prevalence of neurologic equine herpes virus type 1 (EHV-1) in a 23-year retrospective analysis (1984-2007). Vet Microbiol 139:375. PUBMED Abstract
  60. Machiels BM, Ruers T, Lindhout M, et al. 2000. New protocol for DNA extraction of stool. Biotechniques 28:286. PUBMED Abstract
  61. Li M, Gong J, Cottrill M, et al. 2003. Evaluation of QIAamp DNA Stool Mini Kit for ecological studies of gut microbiota. J Microbiol Methods 54:13. PUBMED Abstract
  62. Madigan JE, Pusterla N. 2000. Ehrlichial diseases. Vet Clin North Am (Equine Pract) 16:487. PUBMED Abstract
  63. Barlough JE, Rikihisa Y, Madigan JE. 1997. Nested polymerase chain reaction for detection of Ehrlichia risticii genomic DNA in infected horses. Vet Parasitol 68:367. PUBMED Abstract
  64. Pusterla N, Leutenegger CM, Sigrist B, et al. 2000. Detection and quantitation of Ehrlichia risticii genomic DNA in infected horses and snails by real-time PCR. Vet Parasitol 90:129. PUBMED Abstract
  65. Barlough JE, Reubel GH, Madigan JE, et al. 1998. Detection of Ehrlichia risticii, the agent of Potomac horse fever, in freshwater stream snails (Pleuroceridae: Juga spp.) from northern California. Appl Environ Microbiol 64:2888. PUBMED Abstract
  66. Chae JS, Pusterla N, Johnson E, et al. 2000. Infection of aquatic insects with trematode metacercariae carrying Ehrlichia risticii, the cause of Potomac horse fever. J Med Entomol 37:619. PUBMED Abstract
  67. Pusterla N, Johnson EM, Chae JS, et al. 2003. Digenetic trematodes, Acanthatrium sp. and Lecithodendrium sp., as vectors of Neorickettsia risticii, the agent of Potomac horse fever. J Helminthol 77:335. PUBMED Abstract
  68. Heller MC, McClure J, Pusterla N, et al. 2004. Two cases of Neorickettsia (Ehrlichia) risticii infection in horses from Nova Scotia. Can Vet J 45:421. PUBMED Abstract
  69. Williams NM, Harrison LR, Gebhart CJ. 1996. Proliferative enteropathy in a foal caused by Lawsonia intracellularis-like bacterium. J Vet Diagn Invest 8:254. PUBMED Abstract
  70. Lawson GH, Gebhart CJ. 2000. Proliferative enteropathy. J Comp Pathol 122:77. PUBMED Abstract
  71. Lavoie JP, Drolet R. 2007. Lawsonia intracellularis. In Sellon DC, Long MT (eds), Equine infectious diseases, ed 1. WB Saunders, St Louis, MO.
  72. Lavoie JP, Drolet R, Parsons D, et al. 2000. Equine proliferative enteropathy: a cause of weight loss, colic, diarrhoea and hypoproteinaemia in foals on three breeding farms in Canada. Equine Vet J 32:418. PUBMED Abstract
  73. Jacobson M, Aspan A, Konigsson MH, et al. 2004. Routine diagnostics of Lawsonia intracellularis performed by PCR, serological and post mortem examination, with special emphasis on sample preparation methods for PCR. Vet Microbiol 102:189. PUBMED Abstract
  74. Lindecrona RH, Jensen TK, Andersen PH, et al. 2002. Application of a 5´ nuclease assay for detection of Lawsonia intracellularis in fecal samples from pigs. J Clin Microbiol 40:984. PUBMED Abstract
  75. Pusterla N, Mapes S, Johnson C, et al. 2010. Comparison of feces versus rectal swabs for the molecular detection of Lawsonia intracellularis in foals with equine proliferative enteropathy. J Vet Diagn Invest 22:741. PUBMED Abstract
  76. Cohen ND, Martin LJ, Simpson RB, et al. 1996. Comparison of polymerase chain reaction and microbiological culture for detection of salmonellae in equine feces and environmental samples. Am J Vet Res 57:780. PUBMED Abstract
  77. Amavisit P, Browning GF, Lightfoot D, et al. 2001. Rapid PCR detection of Salmonella in horse faecal samples. Vet Microbiol 79:63. PUBMED Abstract
  78. Kurowski PB, Traub-Dargatz JL, Morley PS, et al. 2002. Detection of Salmonella spp in fecal specimens by use of real-time polymerase chain reaction assay. Am J Vet Res 63:1265. PUBMED Abstract
  79. Ward MP, Alinovi CA, Couëtil LL, et al. 2005. Evaluation of a PCR to detect Salmonella in fecal samples of horses admitted to a veterinary teaching hospital. J Vet Diagn Invest 17:118. PUBMED Abstract
  80. Pusterla N, Byrne BA, Hodzic E, et al. 2010. Use of quantitative real-time PCR for the detection of Salmonella spp. in fecal samples from horses at a veterinary teaching hospital. Vet J 186:252. PUBMED Abstract
  81. Slovis NM, Elam J, Estrada M, et al. 2010. Comprehensive analysis of infectious agents associated with diarrhea in foals in Central Kentucky. Proceedings of the 56th Annual AAEP Forum, Dec 4-8, Baltimore, MD.
  82. Pusterla N, Mapes S, Wademan C, et al. 2012. Emerging outbreaks associated with equine coronavirus in adult horses. Vet Microbiol 162:228. PUBMED Abstract
  83. Vin R, Slovis N, Balasuriya U, et al. 2012. Equine coronavirus, a possible cause for adult horse enteric disease outbreaks. J Equine Vet Sci 32:S44.
  84. Barlough JE, Madigan JE, DeRock E, et al. 1996. Nested polymerase chain reaction for detection of Ehrlichia equi genomic DNA in horses and ticks (Ixodes pacificus). Vet Parasitol 63:319. PUBMED Abstract
  85. Pusterla N, Huder JB, Leutenegger CM, et al. 1999. Quantitative real-time PCR for detection of members of the Ehrlichia phagocytophila genogroup in host animals and Ixodes ricinus ticks. J Clin Microbiol 37:1329. PUBMED Abstract
  86. Pusterla N, Madigan JE, Asanovich KM, et al. 2000. Experimental inoculation with human granulocytic Ehrlichia agent derived from high- and low-passage cell culture in horses. J Clin Microbiol 38:1276. PUBMED Abstract
  87. Aleman M, Spier SJ, Wilson WD, et al. 1996. Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis infection in horses: 538 cases (1982-1993). J Am Vet Med Assoc 209:804. PUBMED Abstract
  88. Foley JE, Spier SJ, Mihalyi J, et al. 2004. Molecular epidemiologic features of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis isolated from horses. Am J Vet Res 65:1734. PUBMED Abstract
  89. Spier SJ, Leutenegger CM, Carroll SP, et al. 2004. Use of a real-time polymerase chain reaction-based fluorogenic 5¯ nuclease assay to evaluate insect vectors of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis infections in horses. Am J Vet Res 65:829. PUBMED Abstract
  90. Leutenegger CM, Pusterla N, Mislin CN, et al. 1999. Molecular evidence of coinfection of ticks with Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and the human granulocytic ehrlichiosis agent in Switzerland. J Clin Microbiol 37:3390. PUBMED Abstract
  91. Chang YF, Novosol V, McDonough SP, et al. 2000. Experimental infection of ponies with Borrelia burgdorferi by exposure to Ixodid ticks. Vet Pathol 37:68. PUBMED Abstract
  92. Faber NA, Crawford M, LeFebvre RB, et al. 2000. Detection of Leptospira spp. in the aqueous humor of horses with naturally acquired recurrent uveitis. J Clin Microbiol 38:2731. PUBMED Abstract
  93. Slovis NM, Elam J, Estrada M, et al. 2013. Infectious agents associated with diarrhoea in neonatal foals in central Kentucky: a comprehensive molecular study. Equine Vet J. [Epub ahead of print] PUBMED Abstract
  94. Tell LA, Leutenegger CM, Larsen RS, et al. 2003. Real-time polymerase chain reaction testing for the detection of Mycobacterium genavense and Mycobacterium avium complex species in avian samples. Avian Dis 47:1406. PUBMED Abstract
  95. Magdesian KG, Hirsh DC, Jang SS, et al. 2002. Characterization of Clostridium difficile isolates from foals with diarrhea: 28 cases (1993-1997). J Am Vet Med Assoc 220:67. PUBMED Abstract
  96. Belanger SD, Boissinot M, Clairoux N, et al. 2003. Rapid detection of Clostridium difficile in feces by real-time PCR. J Clin Microbiol 41:730. PUBMED Abstract
  97. Magdesian KG, Dujowich M, Madigan JE, et al. 2006. Molecular characterization of Clostridium difficile isolates from horses in an intensive care unit and association of disease severity with strain type. J Am Vet Med Assoc 228:751. PUBMED Abstract
  98. Collins DM. 2011. Advances in molecular diagnostics for Mycobacterium bovis. Vet Microbiol 151:2. PUBMED Abstract
  99. Bhoora R, Quan M, Franssen L, et al. 2010. Development and evaluation of real-time PCR assays for the quantitative detection of Babesia caballi and Theileria equi infections in horses from South Africa. Vet Parasitol 168:201. PUBMED Abstract
  100. Anderson ME, Weese JS. 2007. Evaluation of a real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for rapid identification of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus directly from nasal swabs in horses. Vet Microbiol 122:185. PUBMED Abstract

Molecular Testing for Infectious Diseases in Cattle, Sheep, and Goats

  1. Brown C. 1998. In situ hybridization with riboprobes: an overview for veterinary pathologists. Vet Pathol 35:159. PUBMED Abstract
  2. Brown CC, Rhyan JC, Grubman MJ. 1996. Distribution of bluetongue virus in tissues of experimentally infected dogs as determined by in situ hybridization. Vet Pathol 33:337. PUBMED Abstract
  3. Desport M, Collins ME, Brownlie J. 1994. Detection of bovine virus diarrhea virus RNA by in situ hybridization with digoxigenin-labeled riboprobes. Intervirology 37:269. PUBMED Abstract
  4. Ellis JA, Campos M, Snyder M, et al. 1995. Local production of tumor necrosis factor alpha in corynebacterial pulmonary lesions in sheep. Vet Pathol 32:68. PUBMED Abstract
  5. Crawford TB, Li H, O'Toole D. 1999. Diagnosis of malignant catarrhal fever by PCR using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues. J Vet Diagn Invest 11:111. PUBMED Abstract
  6. Burd EM. 2010. Validation of laboratory-developed molecular assays for infectious diseases. Clin Micro Rev 550. PUBMED Abstract
  7. Bustin SA, Benes V, Garson JA, et al. 2009. The MIQE Guidelines: minimum information for publication of quantitative real-time PCR experiments. Clin Chem 55:611. PUBMED Abstract
  8. Bremmer CW, Swart H, Doboro FA, et al. 2005. Discrimination between sheep-associated and wildebeest-associated malignant catarrhal fever virus by means of a single-tube duplex nested PCR. Onderstepoort J Vet Res 72:285. PUBMED Abstract
  9. Chen S, Yee A, Griffiths M, et al. 1997. The evaluation of a fluorogenic polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of Salmonella species in food commodities. Int J Food Micro 35:239. PUBMED Abstract
  10. Feng P, Monday SR. 2000. Multiplex PCR for detection of trait and virulence factors in enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli serotypes. Mol Cell Probes 14:333. PUBMED Abstract
  11. Messmer TO, Skelton SK, Moroner JF, et al. 1997. Application of a nested, multiplex PCR to psittacosis outbreaks. J Clin Micro 35:2043. PUBMED Abstract
  12. Wang G, Clark CG, Rodgers FG. 2002. Detection in Escherichia coli of the genes encoding the major virulence factors, the genes defining the O157:h7 serotype, and components of type 2 Shiga toxin family by multiplex PCR. J Clin Micro 40:3613. PUBMED Abstract
  13. Dukes JP, King DP, Alexandersen S. 2006. Novel reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification for rapid detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus. Arch Virol 151:1093. PUBMED Abstract
  14. Nilsson M, Dahl F, Larsson C, et al. 2006. Analyzing genes using closing and replicating circles. Trends Vet Biotechnol 24:83. PUBMED Abstract
  15. Chen S, Zhao S, McDermott PF, et al. 2005. A DNA microarray for identification of virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes in Salmonella serovars and Escherichia coli. Mol Cell Probes 19:195. PUBMED Abstract
  16. Chizhikov V, Rasooly A, Chumakov K, et al. 2001. Microarray analysis of microbial virulence factors. Appl Environ Microbiol 67:3258. PUBMED Abstract
  17. Diez-Tascon C, Keane OM, Wilson T, et al. 2005. Microarray analysis of selection lines from outbred populations to identify genes involved with nematode resistance in sheep. Physiol Genom 21:59. PUBMED Abstract
  18. Kato-Maeda M, Gao Q, Small PM. 2001. Microarray analysis of pathogens and their interaction with hosts. Cell Microbiol 3:713. PUBMED Abstract
  19. Pettersson E, Lundeberg J, Ahmadian A. 2009. Generations of sequencing technologies. Genomics 93:105. PUBMED Abstract
  20. Radford AD, Chapman D, Dixon L, et al. 2012. Application of next-generation sequencing technologies in virology. J Gen Virol 93:1853. PUBMED Abstract
  21. Watanabe T, Murata Y, Oka S, et al. 2004. A new approach to species determination for yeast strains: DNA microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization using a yeast DNA microarray with 6000 genes. Yeast 21:351. PUBMED Abstract
  22. Adaska JM, Silva AJ, Berge CB, et al. 2006. Genetic and phenotypic variability among Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium isolates from California dairy cattle and humans. Appl Environ Microbiol 72:6632. PUBMED Abstract
  23. Berge AC, Adaska JM, Sischo WM. 2004. Use of antibiotic susceptibility patterns and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis to compare historic and contemporary isolates of multi-drug resistant Salmonella enterica subsp. Enterica serovar Newport. Appl Environ Microbiol 70:318. PUBMED Abstract
  24. Lindstedt BA, Heir E, Gjernes E, et al. 2003. DNA fingerprinting of Salmonella enterica subsp. Enterica serovar Typhimurium with emphasis on phage type DT104 based on variable number of tandem repeat loci. J Clin Microbiol 38:1269. PUBMED Abstract
  25. Prichard R, Tait A. 2001. The role of molecular biology in veterinary parasitology. Vet Parasit 98:169. PUBMED Abstract
  26. Hartley JC, Kaye S, Stevenson S, et al. 2001. PCR detection and molecular identification of Chlamydiaceae species. J Clin Micro 39:3072. PUBMED Abstract
  27. Vimercati C, Cremonesi P, Castiglioni B, et al. 2006. Molecular typing of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from cows, goats, sheep with intramammary infections on the basis of gene polymorphisms and toxin genes. J Vet Med B 53:423.
  28. Joachim A, Tenter AM, Jefries AC, et al. 1996. A RAPD-PCR derived marker can differentiate between pathogenic and non-pathogenic Sarcocystis species of sheep. Mol Cell probes 10:165. PUBMED Abstract
  29. Calder JA, Reddy GR, Chieves L, et al. 1996. Monitoring Babesia bovis infections in cattle by using PCR-based tests. J Clin Micro 34:2748. PUBMED Abstract
  30. Patrick C, Woo Y, Ng K, et al. 2003. Usefulness of MicroSeq 500 16s ribosomal DNA-based bacterial identification of clinically significant bacterial isolates with ambiguous biochemical profiles. J Clin Micro 41:1996. PUBMED Abstract
  31. Petti CA, Polage CR, Schreckenberger P. 2005. The role of 16s rRNA gene sequencing in identification of microorganisms misidentified by conventional methods. J Clin Micro 43:6123. PUBMED Abstract
  32. Kunkle RA, Miller JM, Alt DP, et al. 2006. Determination of sheep prion gene polymorphisms from paraffin-embedded tissue. J Vet Diagn Invest 18:443. PUBMED Abstract
  33. Roden JA, Niewhof GJ, Bishop SC, et al. 2006. Breeding programs for TSE resistance in British sheep. I. Assessing the impact on prion protein (PrP) genotype frequencies. Prev Vet Med 73:132. PUBMED Abstract
  34. Garrick DJ, Snell RG. 2005. Emerging technologies for identifying superior dairy cows in New Zealand. N Z Vet J 53:390. PUBMED Abstract
  35. Schnabel RD, Ward TJ, Derr JN. 2000. Validation of 15 micro-satellites for parentage testing in North American bison, Bison bison, and domestic cattle. Anim Genet 31:360. PUBMED Abstract