Chapter 48 Use of Biologics in the Prevention of Infectious Diseases

Current Concepts in Equine Vaccination and Infectious Disease Control

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  157. Timoney JF. 1993. Strangles. Res Vet Sci 54:256.
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  175. Palmer JE. 1993. Potomac horse fever. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 9:399. PUBMED Abstract
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  180. Atwill ER, Mohammed HO. 1996. Benefit-cost analysis of vaccination of horses as a strategy to control equine monocytic ehrlichiosis. J Am Vet Med Assoc 208:1295. PUBMED Abstract
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  182. Wilkins PA. 2007. Botulism, pp 372-376. In Sellon DC, Long MT (eds), Equine infectious diseases. Saunders Elsevier, St Louis, MO.
  183. Swerczek TW. 1980. Toxicoinfectious botulism in foals and adult horses. J Am Vet Med Assoc 176:217. PUBMED Abstract
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  185. Wilkins PA, Palmer JE. 2003. Botulism in foals less than 6 months of age: 30 cases (1989-2002). J Vet Intern Med 17:702. PUBMED Abstract
  186. Thomas RJ, Rosenthal DV, Rogers RJ. 1988. A Clostridium botulinum type B vaccine for prevention of shaker foal syndrome. Aust Vet J 65:78. PUBMED Abstract
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Ovine and Caprine Vaccination Programs

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  18. Piontkowski MD, Shivvers DW. 1998. Evaluation of a commercially available vaccine against Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis for use in sheep. J Am Vet Med Assoc 212:1765. PUBMED Abstract
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Bovine Vaccines and Herd Vaccination Programs

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  22. Ellis JA et al. 1996. Effects of perinatal vaccination on humoral and cellular immune responses in cows and young calves. J Am Vet Med Assoc 208:393. PUBMED Abstract
  23. Ridge JP, Fuchs EJ, Matzinger P. 1996. Neonatal tolerance revisited: turning on newborn T cells with dendritic cells. Science 271:1723. PUBMED Abstract
  24. Sarzotti M, Robbins DS, Hoffman FM. 1996. Induction of protective CTL responses in newborn mice by a murine retrovirus. Science 271:1726. PUBMED Abstract
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  26. Bryan LA et al. 1994. Fatal generalized bovine herpesvirus type 1 infection associated with a modified live infectious bovine rhinotracheitis/parainfluenza-3 vaccine administered to neonatal calves. Can Vet J 35:223. PUBMED Abstract
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  28. Sconberg S et al. 1993. Effects of shipping, handling, adrenocorticotropic hormone, and epinephrine on α-tocopherol content of bovine blood. Am J Vet Res 54:1287. PUBMED Abstract
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Bovine Respiratory Disease Vaccines

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  17. Harland RJ, Potter A, van Drunen-Little-van den Hurk, et al. 1992. The effect of subunit or modified live bovine herpesvirus-1 vaccines on the efficacy of a recombinant Pasteurella haemolytica vaccine for the prevention of respiratory disease in feedlot calves. Can Vet J 33:734. PUBMED Abstract
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  21. Todd JD, Volenec FM, Paton IM. 1971. Intranasal vaccination against infectious bovine rhinotracheitis: studies on early onset of protection and use of the vaccine in pregnant cows. J Am Vet Med Assoc 159:1370. PUBMED Abstract
  22. Kucera CJ, White RG, Beckenhauer WH. 1978. Evaluation of the safety and efficacy of an intranasal vaccine containing a temperature-sensitive strain of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus. Am J Vet Res 39:607. PUBMED Abstract
  23. Todd JD. 1976. Intranasal vaccination of cattle against IBR and PI-3: field and laboratory observations in dairy, beef, and neonatal populations. Dev Biol Stand 33:391. PUBMED Abstract
  24. Baker JC, Rust SR, Walker RD. 1989. Transmission of a vaccinal strain of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus from intranasally vaccinated steers commingled with nonvaccinated steers. Am J Vet Res 50:814. PUBMED Abstract
  25. Talens LT, Beckenhauer WH, Thurber ET, et al. 1989. Efficacy of viral components of a nonabortagenic combination vaccine for prevention of respiratory and reproductive system diseases in cattle. J Am Vet Med Assoc 194:1273. PUBMED Abstract
  26. Cravens RL, Ellworth MA, Sorensen CD, et al. 1996. Efficacy of a temperature-sensitive, modified live bovine herpesvirus type 1 vaccine against abortion and stillbirth in pregnant heifers. J Am Vet Med Assoc 208:2031. PUBMED Abstract
  27. Salt JS, Thevasagayam SJ, Wiseman A, et al. 2007. Efficacy of a quadrivalent vaccine against respiratory diseases caused by BHV-1, PI3V, BVDV, and BRSV in experimentally infected calves. Vet J 174:616. PUBMED Abstract
  28. Patel JR. 2005. Relative efficacy of inactivated bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) vaccines. Vaccine 23:4054. PUBMED Abstract
  29. Zimmerman AD, Buterbaugh RE, Herbert JM, et al. 2007. Efficacy of bovine herpesvirus-1 inactivated vaccine against abortion and stillbirth in pregnant heifers. J Am Vet Med Assoc 231:1386. PUBMED Abstract
  30. Chiang BC, Smith PC, Nusbaum, KE, et al. 1990. The effect of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis vaccine on reproductive efficiency in cattle vaccinated during estrus. Theriogenology 33:1113. PUBMED Abstract
  31. Miller JM, Van Der Maaten MJ, Whetstone CA. 1989. Infertility in heifers inoculated with modified live infectious bovine rhinotracheitis on postbreeding day 14. Am J Vet Res 50:551. PUBMED Abstract
  32. Kelling CL, Schipper IA, Strum GE, et al. 1973. Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) abortion: observations on incidence in vaccinated and nonvaccinated and exposed cattle. Cornell Vet 63:383. PUBMED Abstract
  33. Gatewood DM, Ohnesorge W, Spillers C, et al. 1996. Evaluation of IBR vaccine virus shedding after parenteral administration to suckling calves. Proc 29th Ann Conv Am Assoc Bovine Pract 178.
  34. Roth JA, Vaughn MB. 1998. Evaluation of viral shedding and immune response following vaccination with a modified live BHV-1 vaccine. Bovine Pract 32:1.
  35. Kleiboeker SB, Lee, SM, Jones CA, et al. 2003. Evaluation of shedding of bovine herpesvirus 1, bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 and bovine viral diarrhea virus 2 after vaccination of calves with a multivalent modified-live virus vaccine. J Am Vet Med Assoc 222:1399. PUBMED Abstract
  36. Kahrs RF. 1981. Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, pp 135-156. In Viral diseases of cattle. Iowa State University Press, Ames, IA.
  37. Savan M, Angulo AB, Derbyshire JB. 1979. Interferon, antibody responses, and protection induced by an intranasal infectious bovine rhinotracheitis vaccine. Can Vet J 20:207. PUBMED Abstract
  38. Sibbel RL, Bass EP, Thomas PC. 1988. How long will a killed IBR vaccine protect against challenge? Vet Med 83:90.
  39. Trueblood MS, Swift BL, McHolland-Raymond LE. 1977. An outbreak of infectious pustular vulvovaginitis. Vet Med/SAC 72:1622. PUBMED Abstract
  40. Bryant TC, Rogers KC, Stone ND, et al. 2008. Effect of viral respiratory vaccine treatment on performance, health, and carcass traits of auction-origin feeder steers. Bovine Pract 42:98.
  41. Ellis JA, Hassard LE, Cortese VS, et al. 1996. Effects of perinatal vaccination on humoral and cellular immune responses in cows and young calves. J Am Vet Med Assoc 208:393. PUBMED Abstract
  42. Van Drunen Little-van den Hurk S. 2006. Rationale and perspectives on the success of vaccination against bovine herpesvirus-1. Vet Microbiol 113:275. PUBMED Abstract
  43. Henderson LM. 2005. Overview of marker vaccine and differential diagnostic test technology. Biologicals 33:203. PUBMED Abstract
  44. Petrini S, Ramadori G, Corradi A, et al. 2011. Evaluation of safety and efficacy of DNA vaccines against bovine herpesvirus-1 (BoHV-1) in calves. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 34:3. PUBMED Abstract
  45. Kalthoff D, Konig P, Trapp S, et al. 2010. Immunization and challenge experiments with a new modified live bovine herpesvirus type 1 vaccine prototype adjuvanted with a co-polymer. Vaccine 28:5871. PUBMED Abstract
  46. Zhang M, Fu S, Deng M, et al. 2011. Attenuation of bovine herpesvirus type 1 by deletion of its glycoprotein G and tk genes and protection against virulent challenge. Vaccine 29:8943. PUBMED Abstract
  47. Hollis LC, Smith JF, Johnson BJ, et al. 2005. A comparison of serological responses when modified live infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus vaccine, Mannheimia haemolytica bacterin-toxoid and Leptospira pomona bacterin are administered with needle-free versus conventional needle-based injection in yearling feedlot steers. Bovine Pract 39:106.
  48. Hollis LC, Smith JF, Johnson BJ, et al. 2005. A comparison of serological responses when modified live infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus vaccine, Mannheimia haemolytica bacterin-toxoid and Leptospira pomona bacterin are administered with needle-free versus conventional needle-based injection in Holstein dairy calves. Bovine Pract 39:110.
  49. Perino LJ, Hunsaker BD. 1997. A review of bovine respiratory disease vaccine field efficacy. Bovine Pract 31:59.
  50. Fulton RW, Cook BJ, Step, D, et al. 2002. Evaluation of animal health status of calves and their impact on feedlot performance: assessment of a retained ownership program of postweaning calves. Can J Vet Res 66:173. PUBMED Abstract
  51. Fulton RW, Cook BJ, Blood KS, et al. 2011. Immune response to bovine respiratory disease vaccine immunogens in calves at entry to feedlot and impact on feedlot performance. Bovine Pract 45:1.
  52. Fulton RW. 2008. Viral diseases of bovine respiratory tract: bovine herpesvirus-1, parainfluenza-3 virus, bovine respiratory syncytial virus, bovine adenoviruses, bovine coronavirus, and bovine viral diarrhea viruses, pp 171-191. In Anderson DE, Rings DM (eds), Current veterinary therapy-food animal practice, ed 5. Saunders Elsevier, St Louis, MO.
  53. Gregersen JP, Wagner K. 1985. Persistent infection of the genital tract and excretion of the vaccine strain after live virus immunization with bovine herpesvirus 1 (IBR/IPV virus). Zentralbl Veterinarmed [B] 32:354. PUBMED Abstract
  54. Schultz RD, Hall CE, Sheffy, BE, et al. 1976. Current status of IBR-IPV infection in bulls. Proc US Anim Health Assoc 80:159. PUBMED Abstract

Bovine Virus Diarrhea Virus Vaccines

  1. Roth JA. 1992. Building immunity. Nat Hog Farmer Spring:1.
  2. Van Donkersgoed JV, et al. 1991. Comparative serological responses in calves to eight commercial vaccines against infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, parainfluenza-3, bovine respiratory syncytial, and bovine viral diarrhea viruses. Can Vet J 32:727.
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  5. Cortese VS, et al. 1998. Specificity and duration of neutralizing antibodies induced in healthy cattle after administration of a modified live virus vaccine against bovine viral diarrhea virus. Am J Vet Res 59:848. PUBMED Abstract
  6. Roth JA, Kaeberle ML. 1983. Suppression of neutrophil and lymphocyte function induced by a vaccinal strain of bovine viral diarrhea virus, with or without the administration of ACTH. Am J Vet Res 44:2366. PUBMED Abstract
  7. Rodning SP, et al. 2010. Comparison of three commercial vaccines for preventing persistent infection with bovine viral diarrhea virus. Theriogenology 73:1154. PUBMED Abstract
  8. Rosner SF. 1968. Complications following vaccination of cattle against bovine rhinotracheitis, bovine viral diarrhea–mucosal disease and parainfluenza type 3. J Am Vet Med Assoc 152:898.
  9. Bolin SR, Ridpath JF. 1995. Delayed onset postvaccinal mucosal disease as a result of genetic recombination between genotype 1 and genotype 2 BVDV. Virology 212:259. PUBMED Abstract
  10. Bolin SR, Littledike ET, Ridpath JF. 1991. Serologic detection and practical consequences of antigenic diversity among bovine viral diarrhea viruses in a vaccinated herd. Am J Vet Res 52:1033. PUBMED Abstract
  11. Bolin SR, Ridpath JF. 1989. Specificity of neutralizing and precipitating antibodies induced in healthy calves by monovalent modified live bovine viral diarrhea virus vaccines. Am J Vet Res 50:817. PUBMED Abstract
  12. BoviShield FP® 5 label. Pfizer Animal Health, New York, NY.
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  14. Dean HJ, Leyh R. 1998. Cross-protective efficacy of a bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) type 1 vaccine against BVDV type 2 challenge. Vaccine 17:1117. PUBMED Abstract
  15. Cortese VS. 1998. Clinical and immunologic responses of cattle to vaccinal and natural bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV). Thesis. Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Canada.
  16. Fulton RW, et al. 2005. Transmission of bovine viral diarrhea virus 1b to susceptible and vaccinated calves by exposure to persistently infected calves. Can J Vet Res 69:161. PUBMED Abstract
  17. Bolin SR. 1990. The current understanding about the pathogenesis and clinical forms of BVD: symposium on bovine viral diarrhea. Vet Med 10:1124.
  18. Moennig V, et al. 1990. Reproduction of mucosal disease with a cytopathogenic bovine viral diarrhea virus selected in vitro. Vet Rec 127:200. PUBMED Abstract
  19. Bolin SR, et al. 1985. Response of cattle persistently infected with noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus to vaccination for bovine viral diarrhea and to subsequent challenge exposure with cytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus. Am J Vet Res 46:2467. PUBMED Abstract
  20. Meyling A, et al. 1985. Experimental exposure of vaccinated and nonvaccinated pregnant cattle to isolates of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), pp 225-231. EC seminar on pestivirus infection of ruminants, Slate Veterinary Institute for Virus Research.
  21. McClurkin AW, Coria MF, Smith RL. 1975. Evaluation of acetylethylenimine-killed bovine viral diarrhea–mucosal disease virus vaccine for prevention of BVD infection of the fetus. Proc US Anim Health Assoc 79:115. PUBMED Abstract
  22. Kaeberle ML, Maxwell D, Johnson E. 1990. Efficacy of inactivated bovine viral diarrhea virus vaccines in a cow herd. AS Leaflet R, 1990 Beef/Sheep Report 701:42-43, 1990.
  23. Ellsworth MA, et al. 1994. Fetal infection following intravenous bovine viral diarrhea virus challenge of vaccinated and unvaccinated dams. Conference of Research Workers in Animal Disease, Fall.
  24. Harkness JW, Roeder PL, Drew T. 1985. The efficacy of an experimental inactivated BVD-MD vaccine. In Harkness JW (ed), Pestivirus infections in ruminants: a seminar in the CEC programme of coordination of research on animal husbandry, Sept 10-11, Brussels, Belgium.
  25. Brownlie J, et al. 1995. Protection of the bovine fetus from bovine viral diarrhea virus by means of a new inactivated vaccine. Vet Rec 137:58. PUBMED Abstract
  26. Frey HR, Eicken K. 1995. Undersuchungen uber die Wirksamkeit einer inaktivierten BVD-Vakzine zur Erhohung der Sicherheit einer BVD-Lebendvakzine. Tierarztl Umschan 50:86.
  27. Cortese VS, et al. 1999. Protection of pregnant cattle and their fetuses against infection with bovine viral diarrhea virus type 1 by use of modified live virus vaccine. Am J Vet Res 59:1409. PUBMED Abstract
  28. Fairbanks KK, et al. 2004. Evaluation of fetal protection against experimental infection with type 1 and type 2 bovine viral diarrhea virus after vaccination of the dam with a bivalent modified-live virus vaccine. J Am Vet Med Assoc 225:1898. PUBMED Abstract
  29. Brock KV, Cortese VS. 2001. Experimental fetal challenge using type II bovine viral diarrhea virus in cattle vaccinated with modified-live virus vaccine. Vet Ther 2:354. PUBMED Abstract
  30. Ficken MD, Ellsworth MA, Tucker CM, et al. 2006. Effects of modified-live bovine viral diarrhea virus vaccines containing either type I or types I and 2 BVDV on heifers and their offspring after challenge with noncytopathic type 2 BVDV during gestation. J Am Vet Med Assoc 228:1559. PUBMED Abstract
  31. Kendrick JW, Franti CE. 1974. Bovine viral diarrhea: decay of colostrum derived antibody in the calf. Am J Vet Res 35:589.
  32. Ernst PB, Butler DG. 1983. A bovine viral diarrhea calfhood vaccination trial in a persistently infected herd: effects on titers, health, and growth. Can J Comp Med 47:118. PUBMED Abstract
  33. Kaeberle ML, Sealock R, Honeyman M. 1990. Antibody responses of young calves to inactivated viral vaccines. AS Leaflet R Beef/Sheep Report 1462:42.
  34. Brar JS, et al. 1978. Maternal immunity to infectious bovine rhinotracheitis and bovine viral diarrhea viruses: duration and effect on vaccination in young calves. Am J Vet Res 39:241. PUBMED Abstract
  35. Kelling CL, et al. 1990. Investigation of bovine viral diarrhea virus infections in a range beef cattle herd. J Am Vet Med Assoc 197:589. PUBMED Abstract
  36. Sanders DE, Sanders JA, Sangenario J. 1983. Protection of newborn calves against bovine virus diarrhea by vaccinating their dams prior to parturition. Agri Pract 10:30.
  37. Orban S, et al. 1983. Studies on transplacental transmissibility of a bovine virus diarrhea (BVD) vaccine virus. I. Inoculation of pregnant cows 15 to 90 days before parturition (190th to 265th day of gestation). Zentralbl Veterinarmed [B] 30:619. PUBMED Abstract
  38. Liess B, et al. 1984. Studies on transplacental transmissibility of a bovine virus diarrhea (BVD) vaccine virus in cattle. II. Inoculation of pregnant cows without detectable neutralizing antibodies to BVD virus 90-229 days before parturition (51st to 190th day of gestation). Zentralbl Veterinarmed [B] 31:669.
  39. Ames TR, Baker JC. 1990. Management practices and vaccination programs that help control BVD virus infections: symposium on bovine viral diarrhea. Vet Med 10:1140.

Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines

  1. Van der Poel WH, Brand A, Kramps JA, et al. 1994. Respiratory syncytial virus infections in human beings and in cattle. J Infect 29:215. PUBMED Abstract
  2. Baker JC, Ellis JA, Clark EG. 1997. Bovine respiratory syncytial virus. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract 13:425. PUBMED Abstract
  3. Kimman TG, Westenbrink F. 1990. Immunity to human and bovine respiratory syncytial virus. Arch Virol 112:1. PUBMED Abstract
  4. Bryson DG, McNulty MS, Logan EF, et al. 1983. Respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia in young calves: clinical and pathologic findings. Am J Vet Res 44:1648. PUBMED Abstract
  5. Bryson DG. 1993. Necropsy findings associated with BRSV pneumonia. Vet Med 88:6.
  6. Kimman TG, Straver PJ, Zimmer GM. 1989. Pathogenesis of naturally acquired bovine respiratory syncytial virus infection in calves: morphologic and serologic findings. Am J Vet Res 50:684. PUBMED Abstract
  7. Ferguson JD, Galligan DT, Cortese V. 1997. Milk production and reproductive performance in dairy cows given bovine respiratory syncytial virus vaccine prior to parturition. J Am Vet Med Assoc 210:1779. PUBMED Abstract
  8. West K, Petrie L, Konoby C, et al. 1999. The efficacy of modified live bovine respiratory syncytial virus vaccines in experimentally infected calves. Vaccine 18:907. PUBMED Abstract
  9. Kimman TG, Westenbrink F, Staver PJ. 1989. Priming for local and systemic antibody memory responses to bovine respiratory syncytial virus: effect of amount of virus, virus replication, route of administration and maternal antibodies. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 22:145.
  10. Ellis JA, Hassard LE, Cortese VS, et al. 1996. The effect of perinatal vaccination on humoral and cellular immune responses in cows and young calves. J Am Vet Med Assoc 208:393. PUBMED Abstract
  11. Siegrist CA. 2003. Mechanisms by which maternal antibodies influence infant vaccine responses: review of hypotheses and definition of main determinants. Vaccine 21:3406. PUBMED Abstract
  12. Ellis JA, West KH, Konoby C, et al. 2001. Efficacy of an inactivated respiratory syncytial virus vaccine in calves. J Am Vet Med Assoc 218:1973. PUBMED Abstract
  13. Ellis JA, West KH, Waldner C, et al. 2005. Efficacy of a saponin-adjuvanted inactivated respiratory syncytial virus vaccine in calves. Can Vet J 46:155. PUBMED Abstract
  14. Hägglund S, Hu KF, Larsen LE, et al. 2004. Bovine respiratory syncytial virus ISCOMs—protection in the presence of maternal antibodies. Vaccine 23:646. PUBMED Abstract
  15. Patel J, Didlick S. 2004. Evaluation of efficacy of an inactivated vaccine against bovine respiratory syncytial virus in calves with maternal antibodies. Am J Vet Res 65:417. PUBMED Abstract
  16. van der Sluijs MTW, Kuhn EM, Makoschey B. 2010. A single vaccination with an inactivated bovine respiratory syncytial virus vaccine primes the cellular immune response in calves with maternal antibodies. BMC Vet Res 62:2. PUBMED Abstract
  17. Hagglund S, Hu K, Vargmar K, et al. 2011. Bovine respiratory syncytial virus ISCOMs–immunity, protection and safety in young conventional calves. Vaccine 29:8719. PUBMED Abstract
  18. Van Donkersgoed J, Janzen ED, Townsend HG, et al. 1990. Five field trials on the efficacy of a bovine respiratory syncytial virus vaccine. Can Vet J 31:93. PUBMED Abstract
  19. Hansen DE, Syvrud R, Armstrong D. 1992. Effectiveness of a respiratory syncytial virus vaccine in reducing the risk of respiratory disease. Agri-Practice 13:19.
  20. Kimman TG, Zimmer GM, Westenbrink F, et al. 1988. Epidemiologic study of bovine respiratory syncytial virus infection in calves: influence of maternal antibodies on the outcome of disease. Vet Rec 123:104. PUBMED Abstract
  21. Belknap EB, Baker JC, Patterson JS, et al. 1991. The role of passive immunity in bovine respiratory syncytial virus infected calves. J Infect Dis 163:470. PUBMED Abstract
  22. Baker JC, Ames TR, Markham RJF. 1986. A seroepidemiologic study of bovine respiratory syncytial virus in a dairy herd. Am J Vet Res 47:240.
  23. Kimman TG, Westenbrink F, Schreuder BE, et al. 1987. Local and systemic antibody response to bovine respiratory syncytial virus infection in calves with or without maternal antibodies. J Clin Microbiol 25:1097. PUBMED Abstract
  24. Woolums AR, Brown CC, Brown JC Jr, et al. 2004. Effect of a single intranasal dose of modified-live bovine respiratory syncytial virus vaccine on resistance to subsequent viral challenge in calves. Am J Vet Res 65:363.
  25. Vangeel I, et al. 2005. Efficacy of a modified live intranasal bovine respiratory syncytial virus vaccine in three-week-old calves experimentally challenged with BRSV. Br Cattle Vet Assoc 13:263. PUBMED Abstract
  26. Ellis J, Gow S, West K, et al. 2007. Response of calves to challenge exposure with virulent BRSV following intranasal administration of parenteral vaccines. J Am Vet Med Assoc 230:233. PUBMED Abstract
  27. Ellis JA, Gow SP, Goji N. 2010. Response to experimentally induced infection with bovine respiratory syncytial virus following intranasal vaccination of seropositive and seronegative calves. J Am Vet Med Assoc 236:991. PUBMED Abstract
  28. Xue W, Ellis J, Mattick D, et al. 2010. Immunogenicity of a modified-live virus vaccine against bovine viral diarrhea virus types 1 and 2, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus, bovine parainfluenza-3 virus, and bovine respiratory syncytial virus when administered intranasally in young calves. Vaccine 28:3784. PUBMED Abstract
  29. Kim HW, Canchola JG, Brandt CD, et al. 1969. Respiratory syncytial virus disease in infants despite prior administration of antigenic inactivated vaccine. Am J Epidemiol 89:422. PUBMED Abstract
  30. Gershwin LJ, Schelegle ES, Gunther RA, et al. 1998. A bovine model of vaccine-enhanced respiratory syncytial virus pathophysiology. Vaccine 16:1225. PUBMED Abstract
  31. Antonis AF, Schrijver RS, Daus F, et al. 2003. Vaccine-induced immunopathology during bovine respiratory syncytial virus infection: exploring the parameters of pathogenesis. J Virol 77:12067. PUBMED Abstract
  32. Kimman TG, Sol J, Westenbrink F, et al. 1989. A severe outbreak of respiratory tract disease associated with bovine respiratory syncytial virus probably enhanced by vaccination with modified live vaccine. Vet Q 11:250. PUBMED Abstract
  33. Schreiber P, Matheise JP, Dessy F, et al. 2000. High mortality rate associated with bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) infection in Belgian blue calves previously vaccinated with an inactivated vaccine. J Vet Med B Infect Dis Vet Public Health 47:535. PUBMED Abstract
  34. Ellis JA, Hassard LE, Morley PS. 1995. Bovine respiratory syncytial virus–specific immune responses in calves after inoculation with commercially available vaccines. J Am Vet Med Assoc 206:354. PUBMED Abstract
  35. West K, Ellis J. 1997. Functional analysis of antibody responses of feedlot cattle to bovine respiratory syncytial virus following vaccination with mixed vaccines. Can J Vet Res 62:245. PUBMED Abstract
  36. West K, Petrie L, Haines DM, et al. 1999. The effect of formalin-inactivated vaccine on respiratory disease associated with bovine respiratory syncytial virus infection of calves. Vaccine 17:809. PUBMED Abstract
  37. Gershwin LJ. 2012. Immunology of bovine respiratory syncytial virus infection of cattle. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 35:253. PUBMED Abstract

Parainfluenza Type 3 Virus Vaccines

  1. Ellis JA. 2010. Bovine parainfluenza-3 virus. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract 26:575. PUBMED Abstract
  2. Graham DA, McShane J, Mawhinney KA, et al. 1998. Evaluation of a single dilution ELISA system for detection of seroconversion to bovine viral diarrhoea virus, bovine respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza-3 virus and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus: comparison with testing by virus neutralisation and haemagglutination inhibition. J Vet Diagn Invest 10:43.
  3. Bryson DG, Adair BM, McNulty MS, et al. 1999. Studies on the efficacy of intranasal vaccination for prevention of experimentally induced parainfluenza type 3 virus pneumonia in calves. Vet Rec 145:33. PUBMED Abstract
  4. Salt JS, Thevasagayam SJ, Wiseman A, et al. 2007. Efficacy of a quadrivalent vaccine against respiratory diseases caused by BHV-1, PI3V, BVDV and BRSV in experimentally infected calves. Vet J 174:616. PUBMED Abstract
  5. Vangeel I, Ioannou F, Riegler L, et al. 2009. Efficacy of an intranasal modified live bovine respiratory syncytial virus and temperature-sensitive parainfluenza type 3 virus vaccine in 3-week-old calves experimentally challenged with PI3V. Vet J 179:101. PUBMED Abstract
  6. Gates GA, Cesario TC, Ebert JW, et al. 1970. Neutralizing antibody in experimentally induced respiratory infection in calves. Am J Vet Res 31:217. PUBMED Abstract
  7. Gutekunst DE, Paton IM, Volenec FJ. 1969. Parainfluenza-3 vaccine in cattle: comparative efficacy of intranasal and intramuscular routes. J Am Vet Med Assoc 155:1879. PUBMED Abstract
  8. McKercher DG, Saito JK, Franti CE, et al. 1972. Response of calves to parainfluenza-3 vaccines administered nasally or parenterally. Am J Vet Res 33:721. PUBMED Abstract
  9. Sweat RL. 1967. Epizootiologic studies of bovine myxovirus parainfluenza-3. J Am Vet Med Assoc 150:178. PUBMED Abstract
  10. Ferguson JD, Galligan DT, Cortese V. 1997. Milk production and reproductive performance in dairy cows given bovine respiratory syncytial virus vaccine prior to parturition. J Am Vet Med Assoc 210:1779. PUBMED Abstract
  11. Woods GT, Mansfield ME, Webb RJ. 1973. A 3-year comparison of acute respiratory disease, shrink, and weight gain in preconditioned and nonconditioned Illinois beef calves sold at the same auction and mixed in a feedlot. Can J Comp Med 37:249. PUBMED Abstract
  12. Schunicht OC, Booker CW, Jim GK, et al. 2003. Comparison of a multivalent viral vaccine program versus a univalent vaccine program on animal health, feedlot performance, and carcass characteristics of feedlot calves. Can Vet J 44:43. PUBMED Abstract
  13. Stilwell G, Matos M, Carolino N, et al. 2008. Effect of a quadrivalent vaccine against respiratory virus on the incidence of respiratory disease in weaned beef calves. Prev Vet Med 85:151. PUBMED Abstract
  14. Wildman BK, Perrett T, Abutarbush SM, et al. 2008. A comparison of 2 vaccination programs in feedlot calves at ultra-high risk of developing undifferentiated fever/bovine respiratory disease. Can Vet J 49:463. PUBMED Abstract
  15. Step DL, Krehbiel CR, Burciaga-Robles LO, et al. 2009. Comparison of single vaccination versus revaccination with a modified-live virus vaccine containing bovine herpesvirus-1, bovine viral diarrhea virus (types 1a and 2a), parainfluenza type 3 virus, and bovine respiratory syncytial virus in the prevention of bovine respiratory disease in cattle. J Am Vet Med Assoc 235:580.

Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, Histophilus somni, and Bibersteinia trehalosi

  1. Welsh RD, Dye LB, Payton ME, et al. 2004. Isolation and antimicrobial susceptibilities of bacterial pathogens from bovine pneumonia: 1994-2002. J Vet Diagn Invest 16:426. PUBMED Abstract
  2. Welsh R. 1993. Bacterial and Mycoplasma species isolated from pneumonic bovine lungs. Agri Pract 14:12.
  3. Yates W, Kingscote B, Bradley J, et al. 1983. The relationship of serology and nasal microbiology to pulmonary lesions in feedlot cattle. Can J Comp Med 47:3. PUBMED Abstract
  4. Fulton RW, Cook BJ, Step DL, et al. 2002. Evaluation of health status of calves and the impact on feedlot performance: assessment of a retained ownership program for postweaning calves. Can J Vet Res 66:173. PUBMED Abstract
  5. Angen O, Mutters R, Caugant D, et al. 1999. Taxonomic relationships of the [Pasteurella] haemolytica complex as evaluated by DNA-DNA hybridizations and 16S rRNA sequencing with proposal of Mannheimia haemolytica gen. nov., comb. nov., Mannheimia granulomatis comb. nov., Mannheimia glucosida sp. nov., Mannheimia ruminalis sp. nov. and Mannheimia varigena sp. nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol 49:67.
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  10. Fulton R, Cook B, Blood K, et al. 2011. Immune response to bovine respiratory disease vaccine immunogens in calves at entry to feedlot and impact on feedlot performance. Bovine Pract 45:1.
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  12. Prado ME, Prado TM, Payton M, et al. 2006. Maternally and naturally acquired antibodies to Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida in beef calves. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 111:301. PUBMED Abstract
  13. Confer A. 1993. Immunogens of Pasteurella. Vet Microbiol 37:353. PUBMED Abstract
  14. Lee C, Shewen P. 1996. Evidence of bovine immunoglobulin G 1 (IgG 1) protease activity in partially purified culture supernate of Pasteurella haemolytica A1. Can J Vet Res 60:127. PUBMED Abstract
  15. Shewen PE, Wilkie BN. 1988. Vaccination of calves with leukotoxic culture supernatant from Pasteurella haemolytica. Can J Vet Res 52:30. PUBMED Abstract
  16. Potter A, Schryvers A, Ogunnariwo J, et al. 1999. Protective capacity of the Pasteurella haemolytica transferrin-binding proteins TbpA and TbpB in cattle. Microb Pathogenesis 27:197. PUBMED Abstract
  17. Confer A, Ayalew S, Panciera R, et al. 2003. Immunogenicity of recombinant Mannheimia haemolytica serotype 1 outer membrane protein PlpE and augmentation of a commercial vaccine. Vaccine 21:2821. PUBMED Abstract
  18. Confer A, Ayalew S, Panciera R, et al. 2006. Recombinant Mannheimia haemolytica serotype 1 outer membrane protein PlpE enhances commercial M. haemolytica vaccine-induced resistance against serotype 6 challenge. Vaccine 2006;24(13):2248-2255.
  19. Confer A, McCraw R, Durham J, et al. 1995. Serum antibody responses of cattle to iron-regulated outer membrane proteins of Pasteurella haemolytica A1. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 47:101. PUBMED Abstract
  20. Morton R, Panciera R, Fulton R, et al. 1995. Vaccination of cattle with outer membrane protein-enriched fractions of Pasteurella haemolytica and resistance against experimental challenge exposure. Am J Vet Res 56:875. PUBMED Abstract
  21. Chae CH, Gentry MJ, Confer AW, et al. 1990. Resistance to host immune defense mechanisms afforded by capsular material of Pasteurella haemolytica, serotype 1. Vet Microbiol 25:241. PUBMED Abstract
  22. Conlon J, Shewen P. 1993. Clinical and serological evaluation of a Pasteurella haemolytica A1 capsular polysaccharide vaccine. Vaccine 11:767. PUBMED Abstract
  23. Confer A, Simons K, Panciera R, et al. 1989. Serum antibody response to carbohydrate antigens of Pasteurella haemolytica serotype 1: relation to experimentally induced bovine pneumonic pasteurellosis. Am J Vet Res 50:98. PUBMED Abstract
  24. Mosier D, Simons K, Vestweber J. 1995. Passive protection of calves with Pasteurella haemolytica antiserum. Am J Vet Res 56:1317. PUBMED Abstract
  25. Confer A, Panciera R, Mosier D. 1986. Serum antibodies to Pasteurella haemolytica lipopolysaccharide: relationship to experimental bovine pneumonic pasteurellosis. Am J Vet Res 47:1134. PUBMED Abstract
  26. Confer A, Montelongo M, Brown M, et al. 2001. Onset of serum antibodies to Pasteurella (Mannheimia) haemolytica following vaccination with five commercial vaccines. Bovine Pract 35:141.
  27. Confer A, Fulton R, Clinkenbeard K, et al. 1998. Duration of serum antibody responses following vaccination and revaccination of cattle with non-living commercial Pasteurella haemolytica vaccines. Vaccine 16:1962. PUBMED Abstract
  28. Cortese VS, Seeger JT, Stokka GS, et al. 2011. Serologic response to Mannheimia haemolytica in calves concurrently inoculated with inactivated or modified-live preparations of M. haemolytica and viral combination vaccines containing modified-live bovine herpesvirus type 1. Am J Vet Res 72:1541. PUBMED Abstract
  29. Conlon JA, Gallo GF, Shewen PE, et al. 1995. Comparison of protection of experimentally challenged cattle vaccinated once or twice with a Pasteurella haemolytica bacterial extract vaccine. Can J Vet Res 59:179. PUBMED Abstract
  30. Confer A, Panciera R. 1994. Testing of two new generation Pasteurella haemolytica vaccines against experimental bovine pneumonic pasteurellosis. Agri Pract 15:10.
  31. Mosier D, Panciera R, Rogers D, et al. 1998. Comparison of serologic and protective responses induced by two Pasteurella vaccines. Can J Vet Res 62:178. PUBMED Abstract
  32. O'Connor A, Martin SW, Nagy E, et al. 2001. The relationship between the occurrence of undifferentiated bovine respiratory disease and titer changes to bovine coronavirus and bovine viral diarrhea virus in 3 Ontario feedlots. Can J Vet Res 65:137. PUBMED Abstract
  33. Loan RW, Tung H, Payne JB. 1998. Comparative efficacy and duration of immunity of commercial Pasteurella haemolytica vaccines. Bovine Pract 32:18.
  34. Macartney JE, Bateman KG, Ribble CS. 2003. Health performance of feeder calves sold at conventional auctions versus special auctions of vaccinated or conditioned calves in Ontario. J Am Vet Med Assoc 223:677. PUBMED Abstract
  35. MacGregor S, Wray MI. 2004. The effect of bovine respiratory syncytial virus vaccination on health, feedlot performance and carcass characteristics of feeder cattle. Bovine Pract 38:162.
  36. Schunicht OC, Booker CW, Jim GK, et al. 2003. Comparison of a multivalent viral vaccine program versus a univalent viral vaccine program on animal health, feedlot performance, and carcass characteristics of feedlot calves. Can Vet J 44:43. PUBMED Abstract
  37. Duff GC, Malcolm-Callis KJ, Walker DA, et al. 2000. Effects of intranasal versus intramuscular modified live vaccines and vaccine timing on health and performance by newly received beef cattle. Bovine Pract 20:66.
  38. Sanderson MW, Dargatz DA, Wagner BA. 2008. Risk factors for initial respiratory disease in United States' feedlots based on producer-collected daily morbidity counts. Can Vet J 49:373. PUBMED Abstract
  39. MacGregor S, Smith D, Perino LJ, et al. 2003. An evaluation of the effectiveness of a commercial Mannheimia (Pasteurella) haemolytica vaccine in a commercial feedlot. Bovine Pract 37:78.
  40. Perino LJ, Hunsaker BD. 1997. A review of bovine respiratory disease vaccine field efficacy. Bovine Pract 31:59.
  41. Larson RL, Step DL. 2012. Evidence-based effectiveness of vaccination against Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, and Histophilus somni in feedlot cattle for mitigating the incidence and effect of bovine respiratory disease complex. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract 28:97. PUBMED Abstract
  42. Arrioja-Dechert AE. 1999. Compendium of veterinary products, ed 5. North American Compendiums, Port Huron, MI.
  43. Wildman BK, Perrett T, Abutarbush SM, et al. 2008. A comparison of 2 vaccination programs in feedlot calves at ultra-high risk of developing undifferentiated fever/bovine respiratory disease. Can Vet J 49:463. PUBMED Abstract
  44. Perrett T, Wildman B, Abutarbush S, et al. 2008. A comparison of two Mannheimia haemolytica immunization programs in feedlot calves at high risk of developing undifferentiated fever/bovine respiratory disease. Bovine Pract 42:64.
  45. Shewen P. 1995. Host response to infection with HAP: implications for vaccine development, pp 165-171. In Donachie W, Lainson FA, Hodgson JC (eds), Haemophilus, Actinobacillus and Pasteurella. Plenum, London, UK.
  46. Smith R, Deyhle C, Engler M, et al. 1994. Pasteurella haemolytica pneumonia, Part 2. Agri Pract 15:20.
  47. Smith R, Deyhle C, Engler M, et al. 1994. Pasteurella haemolytica pneumonia. Part 3. Agri Pract 15:40.
  48. Smith R, Engler M, Noffsinger T, et al. 1994. Pasteurella haemolytica pneumonia, Part 1. Agri Pract 15:5.
  49. Harland R, Potter A, Drunen Littel-van den Hurk SV, et al. 1992. The effect of subunit or modified live bovine herpesvirus-1 vaccines on the efficacy of a recombinant Pasteurella haemolytica vaccine for the prevention of respiratory disease in feedlot calves. Can Vet J 33:734. PUBMED Abstract
  50. Stoltenow C, Cortese V, Seeger J, et al. 2011. Immunologic responses of beef calves to concurrent application of modified-live viral vaccine (intranasal and systemic administration) and systemically administered Mannheimia haemolytica bacterin-leukotoxoid. Bovine Pract 45:132.
  51. Roth J, Perino L. 1998. Immunology and prevention of infection in feedlot cattle. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract 14:233. PUBMED Abstract
  52. Step DL, Krehbiel CR, DePra HA, et al. 2008. Effects of commingling beef calves from different sources and weaning protocols during a forty-two-day receiving period on performance and bovine respiratory disease. J Anim Sci 86:3146. PUBMED Abstract
  53. Cartwright SL, Begley N, Schaeffer LR, et al. 2011. Antibody and cell-mediated immune responses and survival between Holstein and Norwegian Red x Holstein Canadian calves. J Dairy Sci 94:1576. PUBMED Abstract
  54. Stevens R, Ellis R. 1997. Dairy calves response after P. haemolytica vaccination. Large Anim Pract 18:27.
  55. Hodgins D, Shewen P. 1998. Serologic responses of young colostrum fed dairy calves to antigens of Pasteurella haemolytica A1. Vaccine 16:2018. PUBMED Abstract
  56. Aubry P, Warnick L, Guard C, et al. 2001. Health and performance of young dairy calves vaccinated with a modified-live Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida vaccine. J Am Vet Med Assoc 219:1739. PUBMED Abstract
  57. Stevens R, Dinsmore R, Ellis R, et al. 1997. Morbidity and mortality in young Holstein heifer calves vaccinated with a P. haemolytica leukotoxoid. Large Anim Pract 18:23.
  58. Schnepper RL, Srinand S, Meheswaran SK, et al. 1996. Respiratory morbidity in veal calves given Pasteurella vaccines. Vet Med 91:72.
  59. Panciera RJ, Corstvet RE, Confer AW, et al. 1984. Bovine pneumonic pasteurellosis: effect of vaccination with live Pasteurella species. Am J Vet Res 45:2538. PUBMED Abstract
  60. Mathy NL, Mathy JP, Lee RP, et al. 2002. Pathological and immunological changes after challenge infection with Pasteurella multocida in naive and immunized calves. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 85:179. PUBMED Abstract
  61. Shivachandra S, Viswas K, Kumar A. 2011. A review of hemorrhagic septicemia in cattle and buffalo. Anim Health Res Rev 12:67. PUBMED Abstract
  62. Prado M, Dabo S, Confer A. 2005. Immunogenicity of iron-regulated outer membrane proteins of Pasteurella multocida A:3 in cattle: molecular characterization of the immunodominant heme acquisition system receptor (HasR) protein. Vet Microbiol 105:269. PUBMED Abstract
  63. Confer A, Nutt S, Dabo S, et al. 1996. Antibody responses of cattle to outer membrane proteins of Pasteurella multocida A:3. Am J Vet Res 57:1453. PUBMED Abstract
  64. Inzana TJ, Hensley J, McQuiston J, et al. 1997. Phase variation and conservation of lipooligosaccharide epitopes in Haemophilus somnus. Infect Immun 65:4675. PUBMED Abstract
  65. Zekarias B, O'Toole D, Lehmann J, et al. 2011. Histophilus somni IbpA Fic cytotoxin is conserved in disease strains and most carrier strains from cattle, sheep and bison. Vet Microbiol 149:177. PUBMED Abstract
  66. Corbeil L, Bastida-Corcuera F, Beveridge T. 1997. Haemophilus somnus immunoglobulin binding proteins and surface fibrils. Infect Immun 65:4250. PUBMED Abstract
  67. Yu R, Gray-Owen S, Ogunnariwo J, et al. 1992. Interaction of ruminant transferrins with transferrin receptors in bovine isolates of Pasteurella haemolytica and Haemophilus somnus. Infect Immun 60:2992. PUBMED Abstract
  68. Confer A, Fulton R. 1994. Evaluation of Pasteurella and Haemophilus vaccines, pp 136-141. Proceedings of the 27th Annual Convention American Association of Bovine Practitioners, September 22-25, Pittsburgh, PA.
  69. Tagawa Y, Bastida-Corcuera F, Corbeil L. 2000. Immunological characterization of the major outer membrane protein of Haemophilus somnus. Vet Microbiol 71:245. PUBMED Abstract
  70. Zekarias B, Mattoo S, Worby C, et al. 2010. Histophilus somni IbpA DR2/Fic in virulence and immunoprotection at the natural host alveolar epithelial barrier. Infect Immun 78:1850. PUBMED Abstract
  71. Geertsema R, Zekarias B, Scheuch L, et al. 2011. IbpA DR2 subunit immunization protects calves against Histophilus somni pneumonia. Vaccine 29:4805. PUBMED Abstract
  72. Stephens L, Little P, Humphrey J, et al. 1982. Vaccination of cattle against experimentally induced thromboembolic meningoencephalitis with a Haemophilus somnus bacterin. Am J Vet Res 43:1339. PUBMED Abstract
  73. Stephens L, Little P, Wilkie B, et al. 1984. Isolation of Haemophilus somnus antigens and their use as vaccines for prevention of bovine thromboembolic meningoencephalitis. Am J Vet Res 45:234. PUBMED Abstract
  74. Groom S, Little P. 1988. Effects of vaccination of calves against induced Haemophilus somnus pneumonia. Am J Vet Res 49:793. PUBMED Abstract
  75. Martin S, Harland R, Bateman K, et al. 1998. The association of titers to Haemophilus somnus and other putative pathogens with the occurrence of bovine respiratory disease and weight gain in feedlot calves. Can J Vet Res 62:262. PUBMED Abstract
  76. Ruby K, Griffith R, Gershwin L, et al. 2000. Haemophilus somnus-induced IgE in calves vaccinated with commercial monovalent H. somnus bacterins. Vet Microbiol 76:373. PUBMED Abstract
  77. Amstutz H, Horstman L, Morter R. 1981. Clinical evaluation of the efficacy of Haemophilus somnus and Pasteurella sp. bacterins. Bovine Pract 16:106.
  78. Morter R, Amstutz H. 1983. Evaluating the efficacy of a Haemophilus somnus bacterin in a controlled field trial. Bovine Pract 18:82.
  79. Morter R, Amstutz H, Crandell R. 1982. Clinical evaluation of prophylactic regimens for bovine respiratory disease. Bovine Pract 17:56.
  80. O'Connor A, Martin S, Nagy E, et al. 2001. The relationship between the occurrence of undifferentiated bovine respiratory disease and titer changes to Haemophilus somnus and Mannheimia haemolytica at 3 Ontario feedlots. Can J Vet Res 65:143. PUBMED Abstract
  81. Ribble CS, Jim GK, Janzen ED. 1988. Efficacy of immunization of feedlot calves with a commercial Haemophilus somnus bacterin. Can J Vet Res 52:191. PUBMED Abstract
  82. Blackall P, Bojesen A, Christensen H, et al. 2007. Reclassification of [Pasteurella] trehalosi as Bibersteinia trehalosi gen. nov., comb. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:666. PUBMED Abstract
  83. Donachie W. 2007. Pasteurellosis, pp 224-231. In Aitken I (ed), Diseases of sheep. Wiley-Blackwell, Edinburgh, Scotland.
  84. Cortese VS, Braun DA, Crouch D, et al. 2012. Case report—peracute to acute fatal pneumonia in cattle caused by Bibersteinia trehalosi. Bovine Pract 46:138.
  85. Wray C, Thompson D. 1971. Serotypes of Pasteurella haemolytica isolated from calves. Br Vet J 127:lxvi. PUBMED Abstract
  86. Fodor L, Varga J, Hajtos I, et al. 1999. Serotypes of Pasteurella haemolytica and Pasteurella trehalosi isolated from farm animals in Hungary. J Vet Med Series B 46:241. PUBMED Abstract
  87. Allan E, Gibbs H, Shoo M, et al. 1985. Antimicrobial sensitivities of Pasteurella haemolytica A1 from beef calves. Vet Rec 117:506. PUBMED Abstract
  88. Ball H, Connolly M, Cassidy J. 1993. Pasteurella haemolytica serotypes isolated in Northern Ireland during 1989-1991. Br Vet J 149:561. PUBMED Abstract
  89. Quirie M, Donachie W, Gilmour N. 1986. Serotypes of Pasteurella haemolytica from cattle. Vet Rec 119:93. PUBMED Abstract
  90. Collins RL. 2011. Bibersteinia trehalosi in cattle—another component of the bovine respiratory disease complex? Cattle Pract 24 Mar:9.
  91. Davies RL, Campbell S, Whittam TS. 2002. Mosaic structure and molecular evolution of the leukotoxin operon (lktCABD) in Mannheimia (Pasteurella) haemolytica, Mannheimia glucosida, and Pasteurella trehalosi. J Bacteriol 184:266. PUBMED Abstract
  92. Davies R, Lee I. 2004. Sequence diversity and molecular evolution of the heat-modifiable outer membrane protein gene (ompA) of Mannheimia (Pasteurella) haemolytica, Mannheimia glucosida, and Pasteurella trehalosi. J Bacteriol 186:5741. PUBMED Abstract

Bovine Reproductive Disease Vaccines

  1. Lambert G, et al. 1964. Postvaccinal persistence of Brucella abortus strain 19 in two bulls. J Am Vet Med Assoc 145:909. PUBMED Abstract
  2. Roberts SJ, Squire RA, Gilman HL. 1962. Deaths in two calves following vaccination with Brucella abortus strain 19 vaccine. Cornell Vet 52:592. PUBMED Abstract
  3. Nicoletti P. 1986. Brucellosis. In Howard JL (ed), Current veterinary therapy: food animal practice, ed 2. WB Saunders, Philadelphia, PA.
  4. Confer AW et al. 1985. Effect of challenge dose on the clinical and immune responses of cattle vaccinated with reduced doses of Brucella abortus strain 19. Vet Microbiol 10:561. PUBMED Abstract
  5. Blood DC, Radostitis OM, Henderson JA. 1983. Veterinary medicine, ed 6. Baillière Tindall, London.
  6. Brenner DJ, Kaufmann AF, Sulzer KR, et al. 1999. Further determination of DNA relatedness between serogroups and serovars in the family Leptospiraceae with a proposal for Leptospira alexanderi sp. Nov. and 4 new Leptospira genomospecies. Int J Syst Bacteriol 49:839. PUBMED Abstract
  7. White FH, Sulzer KR, Engle RW. 1982. Isolation of Leptospira interrogans serovars hardjo, balcanica, and pomona from cattle at slaughter. Am J Vet Res 43:1172. PUBMED Abstract
  8. Ellis WA, Thiermann AB. 1986. Isolation of Leptospira from the genital tract of Iowa cows at slaughter. Am J Vet Res 47:1649. PUBMED Abstract
  9. Talpada MD, Garvey N, Sprowls R, et al. 2003. Prevalence of leptospiral infection in Texas cattle: implications for transmission to humans. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 3:141. PUBMED Abstract
  10. Miller DA, Wilson MA, Beran GW. 1991. Survey to estimate prevalence of Leptospira interrogans infection in mature cattle in the United States. Am J Vet Res 52:1761. PUBMED Abstract
  11. Thiermann AB. 1982. Experimental leptospiral infections in pregnant cattle with organisms of Hebdomadia serogroup. Am J Vet Res 43:78. PUBMED Abstract
  12. Ellis WA, Songer JG, Montgomery J, et al. 1986. Prevalence of Leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo in the genital and urinary tracts of non-pregnant cattle. Vet Rec 118:11. PUBMED Abstract
  13. Ellis WA. 1986. Effects of leptospirosis on bovine reproduction. In Morrow DA (ed), Current therapy in theriogenology, ed 2. WB Saunders, Philadelphia, PA.
  14. Ellis WA, Thiermann AB, Marshall RB. 1986. Genotypes of Leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo and their role in clinical disease. Proc 14th World Congr Dis Cattle 2:966.
  15. Hanson LE. 1980. Effects of leptospirosis on bovine reproduction. In Morrow DA (ed), Current therapy in theriogenology. WB Saunders, Philadelphia, PA.
  16. Faine S, Adler B, Bolin CA, et al. 1999. Leptospirosis in animals. In Leptospira and Leptospirosis, ed 2. MediSci Press, Melbourne.
  17. Bey RF, Johnson RC. 1986. Current status of leptospiral vaccines. Prog Vet Microbiol Immunol 2:175. PUBMED Abstract
  18. Kiesel GK, Dacres WG. 1959. A study of Leptospira pomona bacterin in cattle. Cornell Vet 49:332. PUBMED Abstract
  19. Hanson LE, Tripathy DN, Killinger AH. 1972. Current status of leptospirosis immunization in swine and cattle. J Am Vet Med Assoc 161:1235. PUBMED Abstract
  20. Bolin CA, Thiermann AB, Handsaker AL, et al. 1989. Effect of vaccination with a pentavalent leptospiral vaccine on Leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo type hardjo-bovis infection of pregnant cattle. Am J Vet Res 50:161. PUBMED Abstract
  21. Bolin CA, Zuerner RL, Trueba G. 1989. Effect of vaccination with a pentavalent leptospiral vaccine containing Leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo type hardjo-bovis on type hardjo bovis infection of cattle. Am J Vet Res 50:2004. PUBMED Abstract
  22. Bolin CA, Cassells JA, Zuerner RL, et al. 1991. Effect of vaccination with a monovalent Leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo type hardjo-bovis vaccine on type hardjo-bovis infection of cattle. Am J Vet Res 52:1639. PUBMED Abstract
  23. Bolin CA, Alt DP. 2001. Use of a monovalent leptospiral vaccine to prevent renal colonization and urinary shedding in cattle exposed to Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar hardjo. Am J Vet Res 62:995. PUBMED Abstract
  24. Ellis WA, McDowell SWJ, Mackie DP, et al. 2000. Immunity to bovine leptospirosis. In Proceedings of the 21st World Buiatrics Congress, Punte del Este, Dec 4-8, Uruguay.
  25. Naiman B, Alt DP, Bolin CA, et al. 2001. Protective killed Leptospira vaccine induces a potent Th1 immune response comprised of CD4 and γδ T lymphocytes in cattle. Infect Immun 65:7550. PUBMED Abstract
  26. Naiman BM, Blumerman S, Alt DP, et al. 2002. Evaluation of type 1 immune response in naïve and vaccinated animals following challenge with Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar Hardjo: involvement of WC1(+) gammadelta and CD4 T cells. Infect Immun 70:6147.
  27. Brown RA, Blumerman S, Gay C, et al. 2003. Comparison of type 1 immune responses to Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar hardjo induced by three different leptospiral vaccines. Vaccine 21:4448. PUBMED Abstract
  28. Bolin CA, Alt DP, Zuerner RL. 2000. Protection of cattle from renal and genital tract colonization with Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar hardjo. In Proceedings of the 21st World Buiatrics Congress, Punte del Este, Dec 4-8, Uruguay.
  29. Ellis WA, Cassells JA, Doyle J. 1986. Genital leptospirosis in bulls. Vet Rec 118. PUBMED Abstract
  30. DeKeyser PJ. 1986. Bovine genital campylobacteriosis. In Morrow DA (ed), Current therapy in theriogenology, ed 2. WB Saunders, Philadelphia, PA.
  31. Bouters R et al. 1973. Vibrio fetus infection in bulls: curative and preventive vaccination. Br Vet J 129:52. PUBMED Abstract
  32. Clark BL et al. 1975. Studies on venereal transmission of Campylobacter fetus by immunized bulls. Aust Vet J 51:531. PUBMED Abstract
  33. Clark BL et al. 1979. A dual vaccine for immunization of bulls against vibriosis. Aust Vet J 55:43. PUBMED Abstract
  34. Hoerlein AB. 1986. Vibriosis. In Morrow DA (ed), Current therapy in theriogenology, ed 2. WB Saunders, Philadelphia, PA.
  35. Dawson LJ. 1986. Diagnosis, prevention and control of campylobacteriosis and trichomoniasis. Bovine Pract 21:180.
  36. Hoerlein AB, Carroll EJ. 1970. Duration of immunity to bovine genital vibriosis. J Am Vet Med Assoc 156:775. PUBMED Abstract
  37. Berg RL, Firehammer BD. 1978. Effect of interval between booster vaccination and time of breeding on protection against campylobacteriosis (vibriosis) in cattle. J Am Vet Med Assoc 173:467. PUBMED Abstract
  38. Kimsey PB. 1986. Bovine trichomoniasis. In Morrow DA (ed), Current therapy in theriogenology, ed 2. WB Saunders, Philadelphia, PA.
  39. Bartlett DE. 1947. Trichomonas foetus infection and bovine reproduction. Am J Vet Res 8:343. PUBMED Abstract
  40. Parsonson IM, Clark BI, Duffy JH. 1976. Early pathogenesis and pathology of Tritrichomonas foetus infection in virgin heifers. J Comp Pathol 86:59. PUBMED Abstract
  41. Kendrick JW. 1953. An outbreak of bovine trichomoniasis in a group of bulls used for artificial insemination. Cornell Vet 43:231. PUBMED Abstract
  42. Perino LJ, Rupp GP. 1995. Beef cow immunity and its influence on fetal neonatal calf health, p 145. Proceedings of the 28th Annual Convention of the American Association of Bovine Practitioners, Sept 14-17, San Antonio, TX.
  43. Ikeda JS et al. 1993. Conservation of a protective surface antigen of Tritrichomonas foetus. J Clin Microbiol 31:32289. PUBMED Abstract
  44. Clark BL, Duffy JH, Parsonson IM. 1983. Immunization of bulls against tritrichomoniasis. Aust Vet J 60:178. PUBMED Abstract
  45. Corbeil LB. 1994. Vaccination strategies against Tritrichomonas foetus. Parasitol Today 10:103. PUBMED Abstract
  46. Hjerpe CA. 1990. Bovine vaccines and herd vaccination programs. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract 6:171. PUBMED Abstract

Neonatal Calf Enteric Disease Vaccines

  1. Cornaglia EM, Fernandez FM, Gottschalk M, et al. 1992. Reduction in morbidity due to diarrhea in nursing beef calves by use of an inactivated oil-adjuvanted rotavirus—Escherichia coli vaccine in the dam. Vet Microbiol 30:191. PUBMED Abstract
  2. Holland RE. 1990. Some infectious causes of diarrhea in young farm animals. Clin Microbiol Rev 3:345. PUBMED Abstract
  3. Acres SD, Laing CJ, Saunders JR, et al. 1975. Acute undifferentiated neonatal diarrhea in beef calves I. Occurrence and distribution of infectious agents. Can J Comp Med 39:116. PUBMED Abstract
  4. Morin M, Lariviere S, Lallier R. 1976. Pathological and microbiological observations made on spontaneous cases of acute neonatal calf diarrhea. Can J Comp Med 40:228. PUBMED Abstract
  5. Moon HW, McClurkin AW, Isaccson RE, et al. 1978. Pathogenic relationships of rotavirus, Escherichia coli, and other agents in mixed infections in calves. J Am Vet Med Assoc 173:577. PUBMED Abstract
  6. McDonough SP, Stull CL, Osburn BI. 1994. Enteric pathogens in intensively reared veal calves. Am J Vet Res 55:1516. PUBMED Abstract
  7. Chinsangaram J, Schore CE, Guterbock W, et al. 1995. Prevalence of group A and group B rotaviruses in the feces of neonatal dairy calves from California. Comp Immun Microbiol Infect Dis 18:93. PUBMED Abstract
  8. de la Fuente R, Luzón M, Ruiz-Santa-Quiteria JA, et al. 1999. Cryptosporidium and concurrent infections with other major enteropathogens in 1- to 30-day-old diarrheic dairy calves in central Spain. Vet Parasitol 80:179. PUBMED Abstract
  9. O'Handley RM, Cockwill C, McAllister TA, et al. 1999. Duration of naturally acquired giardiosis and cryptosporidiosis in dairy calves and their association with diarrhea. Am J Vet Res 214:391. PUBMED Abstract
  10. Niilo L. 1988. Clostridium perfringens type C enterotoxemia. Can Vet J 29:658. PUBMED Abstract
  11. Tzipori SR, Makin TJ, Smith ML, et al. 1981. Clinical manifestations of diarrhea in calves infected with rotavirus and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. J Clin Microbiol 13:1011. PUBMED Abstract
  12. Sabara M, Deregt D, Babiuk LA, et al. 1982. Genetic heterogeneity within individual bovine rotavirus isolates. J Virol 44:813. PUBMED Abstract
  13. Torres-Medina A. 1984. Effect of combined rotavirus and Escherichia coli in neonatal gnotobiotic calves. Am J Vet Res 45:643. PUBMED Abstract
  14. Blanchard PC. 2012. Diagnostics of dairy and beef cattle diarrhea. Vet Clin Food Anim 28:443. PUBMED Abstract
  15. Clement JC, King ME, Salman MD, et al. 1995. Use of epidemiologic principles to identify risk factors associated with the development of diarrhea in calves in five beef herds. J Am Vet Med Assoc 207:1334. PUBMED Abstract
  16. Rea DE, Tyler JW, Hancock DD, et al. 1996. Prediction of calf mortality by use of tests for passive transfer of colostral immunoglobulin. J Am Vet Med Assoc 208:2047. PUBMED Abstract
  17. Dewell RD, Hungerford LL, Keen JE, et al. 2006. Association of neonatal serum immunoglobulin G1 concentration with health and performance in beef calves. J Am Vet Med Assoc 228:914. PUBMED Abstract
  18. Godden SM, Smolenski DJ, Donahue M, et al. 2012. Heat-treated colostrum and reduced morbidity in preweaned dairy calves: results of a randomized trial and examination of mechanisms of effectiveness. J Dairy Sci 95:4029. PUBMED Abstract
  19. Acres SD, Babiuk LA. 1978. Studies on rotaviral antibody in bovine serum and lacteal secretions using radioimmunoassay. J Am Vet Med Assoc 173:555. PUBMED Abstract
  20. Schlafer DH, Scott FW. 1979. Prevalence of neutralizing antibody to the calf rotavirus in New York cattle. Cornell Vet 69:262. PUBMED Abstract
  21. Myers LL, Snodgrass DR. 1982. Colostral and milk antibody titers in cows vaccinated with a modified live rotavirus-coronavirus vaccine. J Am Vet Med Assoc 181:486. PUBMED Abstract
  22. Rodak L, Babiuk LA, Acres SD. 1982. Detection by radioimmunoassay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of coronavirus antibodies in bovine serum and lacteal secretions. J Clin Microbiol 16:34. PUBMED Abstract
  23. Brüssow H, Eichhorn W, Sotek J, et al. 1990. Prevalence of antibodies to four bovine rotavirus strains in different age groups of cattle. Vet Microbiol 25:143. PUBMED Abstract
  24. Tråvén M, Näslund K, Linde N, et al. 2001. Experimental reproduction of winter dysentery in lactating cows using BCV-comparison with BCV infection in milk-fed calves. Vet Microbiol 81:127. PUBMED Abstract
  25. Saif LJ, Redman DR, Moorhead PD, et al. 1986. Experimentally induced coronavirus infections in calves: viral replication in the respiratory and intestinal tracts. Am J Vet Res 47:1426. PUBMED Abstract
  26. Storz J, Lin X, Purdy CW, et al. 2000. Coronavirus and Pasteurella infections in bovine shipping fever pneumonia and Evans' criteria for causation. J Clin Microbiol 38:3291. PUBMED Abstract
  27. Crouch CF, Acres SD. 1984. Prevalence of rotavirus and coronavirus antigens in the faeces of normal cows. Can J Comp Med 48:340. PUBMED Abstract
  28. Crouch CF, Bielefeldt Ohmann H, et al. 1985. Chronic shedding of bovine coronavirus antigen antibody complexes by clinically normal cows. J Gen Virol 66:1489. PUBMED Abstract
  29. Collins JK, Riegel CA, Olson JD, et al. 1987. Shedding of enteric coronavirus in adult cattle. Am J Vet Res 48:361. PUBMED Abstract
  30. Parwani AV, Luchelli A, Saif LJ. 1996. Identification of group B rotaviruses with short genome electropherotypes from adult cows with diarrhea. J Clin Microbiol 34:1303. PUBMED Abstract
  31. Tsunemitsu H, Saif LJ. 1995. Antigenic and biological comparisons of bovine coronaviruses derived from neonatal calf diarrhea and winter dysentery of adult cattle. Arch Virol 140:1303. PUBMED Abstract
  32. Gélinas A, Boutin M, Sasseville M, et al. 2001. Bovine coronavirus associated with enteric and respiratory diseases in Canadian dairy cattle display different reactivities to anti-HE monoclonal antibodies and distinct amino acid changes in their HE, S, and ns4.9 protein. Virus Res 76:43.
  33. Kourtesis AB, Gélinas AM, Dea S. 2001. Genomic and antigenic variations of the HE glycoprotein of bovine coronaviruses associated with neonatal calf diarrhea and winter dysentery. Arch Virol 146:1219. PUBMED Abstract
  34. Hasoksuz M, Lathrop S, Al-dubaib MA, et al. 1999. Antigenic variation among bovine enteric coronaviruses (BECV) and bovine respiratory coronaviruses (BRCV) detected using monoclonal antibodies. Arch Virol 144:2441. PUBMED Abstract
  35. Hasoksuz M, Lathrop SL, Gadfield KL, et al. 1999. Isolation of bovine respiratory coronaviruses from feedlot cattle and comparison of their biological and antigenic properties with bovine enteric coronaviruses. Am J Vet Res 60:1227. PUBMED Abstract
  36. Liu L, Hägglund S, Hakhverdyan M, et al. 2006. Molecular epidemiology of bovine coronavirus on the basis of comparative analyses of the S gene. J Clin Microbiol 44:957. PUBMED Abstract
  37. Kapikian AZ, Channock RM. 1996. Rotaviruses, p 1657. In Fields BN, Knipe DM, Howley PM (eds), Fields virology. Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia, PA.
  38. Vonderfecht SL, Eiden JJ, Torres A, et al. 1986. Identification of a bovine enteric syncytial virus as a nongroup A rotavirus. Am J Vet Res 47:1913. PUBMED Abstract
  39. Theil KW, McCloskey CM. 1989. Molecular epidemiology and subgroup determination of bovine group A rotaviruses associated with diarrhea in dairy and beef calves. J Clin Microbiol 27:126. PUBMED Abstract
  40. Tsunemitsu H, Jiang B, Yamashita Y, et al. 1992. Evidence of serologic diversity within group C rotaviruses. J Clin Microbiol 30:30092. PUBMED Abstract
  41. Chinsangaram J, Schore CE, Guterbock W, et al. 1995. Prevalence of group A and group B rotaviruses in the feces of neonatal dairy calves from California. Comp Immun Microbiol Infect Dis 18:93. PUBMED Abstract
  42. Hoshino Y, Wyatt RG, Greenberg HB, et al. 1984. Serotypic similarity and diversity or rotaviruses of mammalian and avian origin as studied by plaque-reduction neutralization. J Infect Dis 149:694. PUBMED Abstract
  43. Estes MK, Cohen J. 1989. Rotavirus gene structure and function. Microbiol Rev 53:410. PUBMED Abstract
  44. Estes MK. 1996. Rotaviruses and their replication, p 1625. In Fields BN, Knipe DM, Howley PM (eds), Fields virology. Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia.
  45. Hoshino Y, Sereno MM, Midthun K, et al. 1985. Independent segregation of two antigenic specificities (VP3 and VP7) involved in neutralization of rotavirus infectivity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 82:8701. PUBMED Abstract
  46. Offit PA, Shaw RD, Greenberg HB. 1986. Passive protection against rotavirus-induced diarrhea by monoclonal antibodies to surface proteins VP3 and VP7. J Virol 58:700. PUBMED Abstract
  47. Offit PA, Blavat G, Clark HF, et al. 1986. Role of gene segments 4 and 9 in determining rotavirus virulence and protection against rotavirus challenge, p 267. In Brown F, Channock RM, Lerner RA (eds), Vaccine. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, New York, NY.
  48. Matthijnssens J, Ciarlet M, McDonald SM, et al. 2011. Uniformity of rotavirus strain nomenclature proposed by the rotavirus classification working group (RCWG). Arch Virol 156:1397. PUBMED Abstract
  49. Hussein HA, Parwani AV, Rosen BI, et al. 1993. Detection of rotavirus G1, G2, G3, and G11 in feces of diarrheic calves by using polymerase chain reaction–derived cDNA probes. J Clin Microbiol 31:2491. PUBMED Abstract
  50. Parwani AV, Hussein HA, Rosen BI, et al. 1993. Characterization of field strains of group A bovine rotaviruses by using polymerase chain reaction–generated G and P type-specific cDNA probes. J Clin Microbiol 31:2010. PUBMED Abstract
  51. Woode GN, Kelso NE, Simpson TF, et al. 1983. Antigenic relationships among some bovine rotaviruses: serum neutralization and cross-protection in gnotobiotic calves. J Clin Microbiol 18:358. PUBMED Abstract
  52. Bellinzoni RC, Blackhall JO, Mattion NM, et al. 1989. Serological characterization of bovine rotaviruses isolated from dairy and beef herds in Argentina. J Clin Microbiol 27:2619. PUBMED Abstract
  53. Matsuda Y, Nakagomi O, Offit PA. 1990. Presence of three P types (VP4 types) and two G types (VP7 types) among bovine rotavirus strains. Arch Virol 115:199. PUBMED Abstract
  54. Snodgrass DR, Fitzgerald T, Campbell I. 1990. Rotavirus serotypes 6 and 10 predominate in cattle. J Clin Microbiol 27:504. PUBMED Abstract
  55. Saif LJ. 1994. Animal rotaviruses, p 289. In Kapikian AZ (ed), Viral infections of the gastrointestinal tract. Marcel Dekker, New York, NY.
  56. Snodgrass DR, Hoshino Y, Fitzgerald TA, et al. 1992. Identification of four VP4 serological types (P serotypes) of bovine rotavirus using viral reassortants. J Gen Virol 73:2319. PUBMED Abstract
  57. Khuzwayo CJ, Mlera L, O'Neill HG, et al. 2012. Whole genome sequence analyses of three African bovine rotaviruses reveal that they emerged through multiple reassortment events between rotaviruses from different mammalian species. Vet Microbiol 159:245.
  58. Martella V, Banyai K, Matthijnssens J, et al. 2010. Zoonotic aspects of rotaviruses. Vet Microbiol 140:246. PUBMED Abstract
  59. Park SI, Matthijnssens J, Saif LJ, et al. 2011. Reassortment among bovine, porcine, and human rotavirus strains results in G8P[7] and G6P[7] strains isolated form cattle in South Korea. Vet Microbiol 152:55. PUBMED Abstract
  60. Doan YH, Nakagomi T, Aboudy Y, et al. 2013. Identification by full genome analysis of a bovine rotavirus transmitted directly to and causing diarrhea in a human child. J Clin Microbiol 51:182. PUBMED Abstract
  61. Snodgrass DR, Fahey KJ, Wells PW, et al. 1980. Passive immunity in calf rotavirus infections: maternal vaccination increases and prolongs immunoglobulin G1 antibody secretion in milk. Infect Immun 28:344. PUBMED Abstract
  62. Snodgrass DR, Stewart J, Taylor J, et al. 1982. Diarrhea in dairy calves reduced by feeding colostrum from cows vaccinated with rotavirus. Res Vet Sci 32:70. PUBMED Abstract
  63. Saif LJ, Redman DR, Smith KL, et al. 1983. Passive immunity to bovine rotavirus in newborn calves fed colostrum supplements from immunized or nonimmunized cows. Infect Immun 41:1118. PUBMED Abstract
  64. Castrucci G, Frigeri F, Ferrari M, et al. 1984. The efficacy of colostrum from cows vaccinated with rotavirus in protecting calves from experimentally induced rotavirus infection. Comp Immun Microbiol Infect Dis 7:11. PUBMED Abstract
  65. Saif LJ, Smith L, Landmeier BJ, et al. 1984. Immune response of pregnant cows to bovine rotavirus immunization. Am J Vet Res 45:49. PUBMED Abstract
  66. Archambault D, Morin G, Elazhary Y, et al. 1988. Immune response of pregnant heifers and cows to bovine rotavirus inoculation and passive protection to rotavirus infection in newborn calves fed colostral antibodies or colostral lymphocytes. Am J Vet Res 49:1084. PUBMED Abstract
  67. Sharpee RL, Nelson LD, Beckenhauer WH. 1988. Immunogenicity of a vaccine containing inactivated bovine rotavirus and coronavirus combined with an Escherichia coli bacterin, p 27. Proceedings of the Symposium on Bovine Neonatal Diarrhea, Western Veterinary Conference, Las Vegas. PUBMED Abstract
  68. Castrucci G, Frigeri F, Ferrari M, et al. 1989. Immunization against bovine rotaviral infection. Eur J Epidemiol 5:279. PUBMED Abstract
  69. Tsunemitsu H, Shimizu M, Hirai T, et al. 1989. Protection against bovine rotaviruses by continuous feeding of immune colostrum. Jpn J Vet Sci 51:300. PUBMED Abstract
  70. Mebus CA, White RG, Bass EP, et al. 1973. Immunity to neonatal calf diarrhea virus. J Am Vet Med Assoc 163:880.
  71. Snodgrass DR, Wells PW. 1978. The influence of colostrum on neonatal rotaviral infections. Ann Rech Vet 9:335. PUBMED Abstract
  72. Snodgrass DR, Wells PW. 1978. Passive immunity in rotaviral infections. J Am Vet Med Assoc 173:565. PUBMED Abstract
  73. Woode GN, Jones J, Bridger JC. 1975. Levels of colostral antibodies against neonatal calf diarrhea virus. Vet Rec 97:148. PUBMED Abstract
  74. Torres-Medina A, Schlafer DH, Mebus CA. 1985. Rotaviral and coronaviral diarrhea. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract 1:471. PUBMED Abstract
  75. Besser TE, Gay CC, McGuire TC, et al. 1988. Passive immunity to bovine rotavirus infection associated with transfer of serum antibody into the intestinal lumen. J Virol 62:2238. PUBMED Abstract
  76. Acres SD, Radostits OM. 1976. The efficacy of a modified live reo-like virus vaccine and an E. coli bacterin for prevention of acute undifferentiated neonatal diarrhea of beef calves. Can Vet J 17:197. PUBMED Abstract
  77. Saif LJ, Smith KL. 1985. Enteric viral infections of calves and passive immunity. J Dairy Sci 68:206. PUBMED Abstract
  78. Bürki F, Mostl K, Spiegl E, et al. 1986. Reduction of rotavirus, coronavirus and E. coli–associated calf diarrheas in a large-size dairy herd by means of dam vaccination with a triple-vaccine. Zentralbl Veterinarmed B 33:241. PUBMED Abstract
  79. Mebus CE. 1986. Bovine rotavirus and calf coronavirus diarrhea, p 492. In JL Howard (ed), Current veterinary therapy (food animal practice), ed 2. WB Saunders, Philadelphia PA.
  80. Heckert RA, Saif LJ, Mengel JP, et al. 1991. Mucosal and systemic antibody responses to bovine coronavirus structural proteins in experimentally challenge-exposed calves fed low or high amounts of colostral antibodies. Am J Vet Res 52:700. PUBMED Abstract
  81. Crouch CE. 1995. Vaccination against enteric rota and coronaviruses in cattle and pigs: enhancement of lactogenic immunity. Vaccine 3:284. PUBMED Abstract
  82. Snodgrass DR, Ojeh CK, Campbell I, et al. 1984. Bovine rotavirus serotypes and their significance for immunization. J Clin Microbiol 20:342. PUBMED Abstract
  83. Hudson D. 1981. Rota-coronavirus vaccination of pregnant cows. Mod Vet Pract 62:226. PUBMED Abstract
  84. Eichhorn W, Bachman PA, Baljer G, et al. 1982. Vaccination of pregnant cows with a combined rotavirus/E. coli K99 vaccine for preventing diarrhea of newborn calves. Tierarztl Umsch 37:599.
  85. Van Openbosch E, Wellemans G, Broes A. 1982. Prévention des diarrhées néonatales virales du veau: traitment de jeunes veaux avec du lait de vaches vaccinées au moyen d'un vaccin anti-Rotavirus inactivé adjuvé. Ann Med Vet 126:157.
  86. Fremont Y. 1983. Vaccinations antirotavirus et anticoronavirus chez les bovins: éléments pratiques du choix entre les vaccinations de la vache ou du veau. Rec Med Vet 159:345.
  87. Snodgrass DR. 1986. Evaluation of a combined rotavirus and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli vaccine in cattle. Vet Rec 119:39. PUBMED Abstract
  88. Bellinzoni RC, Blackhall J, Baro N, et al. 1989. Efficacy of an inactivated oil-adjuvanted rotavirus vaccine in the control of calf diarrhoea in beef herds in Argentina. Vaccine 7:263. PUBMED Abstract
  89. Cornaglia EM, Fernández FM, Gottschalk M, et al. 1992. Reduction in morbidity due to diarrhea in nursing beef calves by use of an inactivated oil-adjuvanted rotavirus–Escherichia coli vaccine in the dam. Vet Microbiol 30:191. PUBMED Abstract
  90. Waltner-Toews D, Martin SW, Meek AH, et al. 1985. A field trial to evaluate the efficacy of a combined rotavirus-coronavirus/Escherichia coli vaccine in dairy cattle. Can J Comp Med 49:1. PUBMED Abstract
  91. Offit PA, Clark HF. 1985. Maternal antibody–mediated protection against gastroenteritis due to rotavirus in newborn mice is dependent on both serotype and titer of antibody. J Infect Dis 152:1152. PUBMED Abstract
  92. Murakami Y, Nishioka N, Watanabe T, et al. 1986. Prolonged excretion and failure of cross-protection between distinct serotypes of bovine rotavirus. Vet Microbiol 12:7. PUBMED Abstract
  93. Brüssow H, Walther I, Fryder V, et al. 1988. Cross-neutralizing antibodies induced by single serotype vaccination of cows with rotavirus. J Gen Virol 69:1647. PUBMED Abstract
  94. Snodgrass DR, Fitzgerald TA, Campbell I, et al. 1991. Homotypic and heterotypic serological responses to rotavirus neutralization epitopes in immunologically naive and experienced animals. J Clin Microbiol 29:2668. PUBMED Abstract
  95. Woode GN, Zheng S, Rosen BI, et al. 1987. Protection between different serotypes of bovine rotavirus in gnotobiotic calves: specificity of serum antibody and coproantibody responses. J Clin Microbiol 25:1052. PUBMED Abstract
  96. Xu Z, Woode GN. 1993. Studies on the role of VP4 of G serotype 10 rotavirus (B223) in the induction of the heterologous immune response in calves. Virol 196:294. PUBMED Abstract
  97. Grotelueschen DM, Duhamel GE, Lu W, et al. 1992. Possible vaccination failure in beef cow herds caused by infection with rotavirus distinct from the vaccine virus: clinical observations, p 190. Proceedings of the 17th World Buiatrics Congress and the 25th Annual Convention of the American Association of Bovine Practitioners, Aug 31-Sept 4, St Paul, MN.
  98. Lu W, Duhamel GE, Benfield DA, et al. 1994. Serological and genotypic characterization of group A rotavirus reassortants from diarrheic calves born to dams vaccinated against rotavirus. Vet Microbiol 42:159. PUBMED Abstract
  99. Mebus CA, White RG, Stair EL, et al. 1972. Results of a field trial using a reo-like virus vaccine. Vet Med Small Anim Clin 67:173. PUBMED Abstract
  100. Twiehaus MJ, Mebus CA. 1973. Licensing and use of the calf scour vaccine, p 55. Proceedings of the 77th Annual Meeting of the U.S. Animal Health Association. PUBMED Abstract
  101. Twiehaus MJ, Mebus CA, Bass EP. 1975. Survey of the field efficacy of reoviral calf diarrhea vaccine. Vet Med Small Anim Clin 70:23. PUBMED Abstract
  102. Mebus CA, Torres-Medina A, Twiehaus MJ, et al. 1976. Immune response to orally administered calf reovirus-like agent and coronavirus vaccine. Dev Biol Stand 33:396. PUBMED Abstract
  103. Van Oppenbosch E, Wellemans G, Strobbe R, et al. 1981. évolution des anticorps anti rotavirus dans le lait de vaches traitées en fin de gestation soit par le vaccin anti rota complet, soit par l'adjuvant seul. Comp Immun Microbiol Infect Dis 4:293. PUBMED Abstract
  104. de Leeuw PW, Ellens DJ, Talmon FP, et al. 1980. Rotavirus infections in calves: efficacy of oral vaccination in endemically infected herds. Res Vet Sci 29:142. PUBMED Abstract
  105. Bürki F, Schusser G, Szekely H. 1983. Clinical, virological and serological evaluation of the efficacy of peroral live rotavirus vaccination in calves kept under normal husbandry conditions. Zentralbl Veterinarmed B 30:237. PUBMED Abstract
  106. de Leeuw PW, Tiessink JWA. 1985. Laboratory experiments on oral vaccination of calves against rotavirus or coronavirus induced diarrhea. Zentralbl Veterinarmed B 32:55. PUBMED Abstract
  107. Van Zaane D, Ijzerman J, DeLeeuw PW. 1986. Intestinal antibody response after vaccination and infection with rotavirus of calves fed colostrum with or without rotavirus antibody. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 11:45. PUBMED Abstract
  108. Blackmer PE. 1975. A practitioner's experience with experimental reo-coronavirus calf diarrhea vaccine. Proceedings of the 8th Annual Convention of the American Association of Bovine Practitioners, Dec 10-13, Atlanta, GA.
  109. Thurber ET, Bass EP, Beckenhauer WH. 1977. Field trial evaluation of a reo-coronavirus calf diarrhea vaccine. Can J Comp Med 41:131. PUBMED Abstract

Bacterial Scours Vaccines

  1. Acres SD. 1985. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli infections in newborn calves: a review. J Dairy Sci 68:229. PUBMED Abstract
  2. Haggard DL. 1985. Bovine enteric colibacillosis. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract 1:495. PUBMED Abstract
  3. Jayappa HG, Strayer JG, Goodnow RA. 1984. Controlling colibacillosis in neonatal calves. I. Evaluation of multiple-pilus, multiple-capsule, phase-cloned Escherichia coli bacterin. II. Virulence and prevalence of Escherichia coli bearing type 1 pili among isolates from neonatal calf diarrhea. Vet Med/SAC 78:388.
  4. Moon HW, Bunn TO. 1993. Vaccines for preventing enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli infections in farm animals. Vaccine 11:213. PUBMED Abstract
  5. Morris JA, Chanter N, Sherwood D. 1987. Occurrence and properties of FY(Att25) Escherichia coli associated with diarrhea in calves. Vet Rec 121:189. PUBMED Abstract
  6. Janke BH, Francis DH, Collins JE, et al. 1990. Attaching and effacing Escherichia coli infection as a cause of diarrhea in young calves. J Am Vet Med Assoc 196:897. PUBMED Abstract
  7. Zeman DH, Thomson JU, Francis DH. 1989. Diagnosis, treatment, and management of enteric colibacillosis. Vet Med 84:794.
  8. Morris JA, Wray AC, Sojka WJ. 1980. Passive protection of lambs against enteropathogenic E. coli: role of antibodies in serum and colostrum of dams vaccinated with K99 antigen. J Med Microbiol 13:265. PUBMED Abstract
  9. Sith HW, Halls S. 1967. Observations on the ligated intestinal segment and oral inoculation methods on Escherichia infections in pigs, calves, lambs and rabbits. J Pathol Bacteriol 93:499. PUBMED Abstract
  10. Collins NF, Halbur T, Schwenck WH, et al. 1988. Duration of immunity and efficacy of an oil emulsion Escherichia coli bacterin in cattle. Am J Vet Res 49:674. PUBMED Abstract
  11. Carrique-Mas JJ, Willmington JA, Papadopoulou C, et al. 2010. Salmonella infection in cattle in Great Britain, 2003 to 2008. Vet Rec 167:560. PUBMED Abstract
  12. Smith BP, Reina-Guerra M, Stocker BA, et al. 1984. Aromatic-dependent Salmonella Dublin as a parenteral modified live vaccine for calves. Am J Vet Res 45:2231. PUBMED Abstract
  13. Smith BP, Dilling GW, Da Roden L, et al. 1993. Vaccination of calves with orally administered aromatic-dependent Salmonella Dublin. Am J Vet Res 54:1249. PUBMED Abstract
  14. Da Roden L, Smith BP, Spier SJ, et al. 1992. Effect of calf age and Salmonella bacterin type on ability to produce immunoglobulins directed against Salmonella whole cells or lipopolysaccharide. Am J Vet Res 53:1895. PUBMED Abstract
  15. House JK, Smith BP, Dilling GW, et al. 1993. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for serologic detection of Salmonella Dublin carriers on a large dairy. Am J Vet Res 54:1391. PUBMED Abstract
  16. Henning MW. 1953. Calf paratyphoid. III. The transmission of antibodies to newly born calves. Onderstepoort J Vet Res 26:45.
  17. Robertsson JA, Lindberg AA, Hoiseth S, et al. 1983. Salmonella Typhimurium infection in calves: protection and survival of virulent challenge bacteria after immunization with live or inactivated vaccines. Infect Immun 41:742. PUBMED Abstract
  18. Smith BP, Habasha FG, Reina-Guierra M, et al. 1980. Immunization of calves against salmonellosis. Am J Vet Res 41:1947. PUBMED Abstract
  19. Bairey MH. 1978. Immunization of calves against salmonellosis. J Am Vet Med Assoc 173:610. PUBMED Abstract
  20. Aitken MM, Jones PW, Brown GTH. 1982. Protection of cattle against experimentally induced salmonellosis by intradermal injection of heat-killed Salmonella Dublin. Res Vet Sci 32:368. PUBMED Abstract
  21. Rankin JD, Taylor RJ. 1970. An attempt passively to immunize calves against Salmonella infection by vaccination of their dams. Vet Rec 86:254. PUBMED Abstract
  22. Jones PW, Collins P, Aitken MM. 1988. Passive protection of calves against experimental infection with Salmonella Typhimurium. Vet Rec 123:536. PUBMED Abstract
  23. Daigneault J, Thurmond M, Anderson M, et al. 1991. Effect of vaccination with the R mutant Escherichia coli (J5) antigen on morbidity and mortality of dairy calves. Am J Vet Res 52:1492. PUBMED Abstract
  24. Tyler JW, et al. 1990. Immunity targeting common core antigens of gram negative bacteria. J Vet Intern Med 4:17. PUBMED Abstract
  25. González RN, Cullor JS, Jasper DE, et al. 1989. Prevention of clinical coliform mastitis in dairy cows by a mutant Escherichia coli vaccine. Can J Vet Res 53:301. PUBMED Abstract
  26. 577 CL Borelli CL, LD Weaver LD, JS Cullor JS. 1990. Effect of E. coli J5 vaccination on incidence of clinical coliform mastitis and milk production loss in dairy cows. Proceedings of the Eleventh Annual Western Food Animal Disease Conference, March 7-8, Reno/Sparks, NV.
  27. Hogan JS, Smith KL, Todhunter DA, et al. 1992. Field trial to determine efficacy of an Escherichia coli J5 mastitis vaccine. J Dairy Sci 75:78. PUBMED Abstract
  28. Cullor JS, Fenwick BW, Smith BP. 1985. Decreased mortality and severity of infection from salmonellosis in calves immunized with E. coli (strain J5). Proceedings of the 66th Annual Conference of Research Workers in Animal Diseases, Chicago, IL.
  29. Douglas VL, Cullor JS, Tyler JW, et al. 1989. Rapid decay of serum IgG recognizing gram negative cell wall core antigens in neonatal calves. Am J Vet Res 50:1138. PUBMED Abstract
  30. Tyler JW, Cullor JS, Thurmond MC, et al. 1989. Humoral response in neonatal calves following immunization with Escherichia coli (strain J5): the effects of adjuvant, age, and colostral passive interference. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 23:333. PUBMED Abstract

Clostridial Vaccines

  1. Hatheway CL. 1990. Toxigenic clostridia. Clin Microbiol Rev 3:66. PUBMED Abstract
  2. Songer JG. 1998. Clostridial diseases of small ruminants. Vet Res 29:219. PUBMED Abstract
  3. Meer RR, Songer JG. 1997. Multiplex PCR method for genotyping Clostridium perfringens. Am J Vet Res 58:702. PUBMED Abstract
  4. Green DS, Green MJ, Hillyer MH, et al. 1987. Injection site reactions and antibody responses in sheep and goats after the use of multivalent clostridial vaccines. Vet Rec 120:435. PUBMED Abstract
  5. Woolums AR, Ensley DT, Tanner PA, et al. 1991. Humoral immunity and injection-site reactions in cattle vaccinated with a multivalent clostridial vaccine administered via subcutaneous injection or via transdermal needle-free injection. Am J Vet Res 72:1124. PUBMED Abstract
  6. Gyles CL. 1993. Histotoxic clostridia, p 106. In Gyles CL, Thoen CO (eds), Pathogenesis of bacterial infections in animals, ed 2. Iowa State University Press, Ames, IA.
  7. Kerry JB. 1964. A note on the occurrence of Clostridium chauvoei in the spleen and livers of normal cattle. Vet Rec 76:396.
  8. Nervig RM, Maloy SE, Claus KD, et al. 1981. Clostridium septicum infection in cattle in the United States. J Am Vet Med Assoc 179:479. PUBMED Abstract
  9. Schamber GJ, Berg IE, Molesworth JR. 1986. Braxy or bradsot-like abomasitis caused by Clostridium septicum in a calf. Can Vet J 27:194. PUBMED Abstract
  10. Batty I, Walker PD. 1963. Fluorescent-labelled clostridial antisera as specific reagents. Bull Off Int Epizoot 59:1499.
  11. Thompson A, Batty I. 1953. The antigenic efficiency of pulpy kidney disease vaccines. Vet Rec 65:659.
  12. Ballard J, Bryant A, Stevens D, et al. 1992. Purification and characterization of the lethal toxin (alpha-toxin) of Clostridium septicum. Infect Immun 60:784. PUBMED Abstract
  13. Williamson ED, Titball RW. 1993. A genetically engineered vaccine against the alpha-toxin of Clostridium perfringens protects mice against experimental gas gangrene. Vaccine 11:1253. PUBMED Abstract
  14. Olander HJ, Hughes JP, Biberstein EL. 1966. Bacillary hemoglobinuria: induction by liver biopsy in naturally and experimentally infected animals. Pathol Vet 3:421. PUBMED Abstract
  15. Niilo L, Dorward WJ, Avery RJ. 1969. The role of Clostridium novyi in bovine disease in Alberta. Can Vet J 10:159. PUBMED Abstract
  16. Nakamura S, Kimura I, Yamakawa K, et al. 1983. Taxonomic relationships among Clostridium novyi types A and B Clostridium haemolyticum and Clostridium botulinum type C. J Gen Microbiol 139:1473. PUBMED Abstract
  17. Erwin BG. 1977. Experimental induction of bacillary hemoglobinuria in cattle. Am J Vet Res 38:1625. PUBMED Abstract
  18. Smith LD, Sugiyama H. 1988. Botulism: the organism, its toxins, the disease. Charles C Thomas, Springfield, IL.
  19. Simpson LL. 1981. The origin, structure, and pharmacological activity of botulinum toxin. Pharmacol Rev 33:155. PUBMED Abstract
  20. Kozaki S, Kamata Y, Nagai Y, et al. 1986. The use of monoclonal antibodies to analyze the structure of Clostridium botulinum type B derivative toxin. Infect Immun 52:786. PUBMED Abstract
  21. Rocke TE. 1993. Clostridium botulinum, p 86. In Gyles CL, Thoen CO (eds), Pathogenesis of bacterial infections in animals, ed 2. Iowa State University Press, Ames, IA.
  22. Greeley RG, Franklin TE. 1967. Loin disease. Southwest Vet 21:31.
  23. Wallis AS. 1963. Some observations of the epidemiology of tetanus in cattle. Vet Rec 75:188.
  24. Van Rensberg SJ. 1959. Tetanus in calves as a sequel to elastration. J South Afr Vet Assoc 30:29.
  25. Rood JI, Cole ST. 1991. Molecular genetics and pathogenesis of Clostridium perfringens. Microbiol Rev 55:621. PUBMED Abstract
  26. Fleming S. 1985. Enterotoxemia in neonatal calves. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract 1:509. PUBMED Abstract
  27. Buxton D, Morgan KT. 1976. Studies of lesions produced in the brains of colostrum deprived lambs by Clostridium welchii (C. perfringens) type D toxin. J Comp Pathol 86:435. PUBMED Abstract
  28. Hart B, Hooper PT. 1967. Enterotoxemia of calves due to Clostridium welchii type E. Aust Vet J 43:360. PUBMED Abstract
  29. McGowan G, Moulton JE, Rood SE. 1958. Lamb losses associated with Clostridium perfringens type A. J Am Vet Med Assoc 133:219. PUBMED Abstract
  30. Roeder BL, Chengappa MM, Nagaraja TG, et al. 1988. Experimental induction of abomasal tympany, abomasitis, and abomasal ulceration by intraruminal inoculation of Clostridium perfringens type A in neonatal calves. Am J Vet Res 49:201. PUBMED Abstract
  31. Roeder BL, Chengappa MM, Nagaraja TG, et al. 1987. Isolation of Clostridium perfringens from neonatal calves with ruminal and abomasal tympany abomasitis and abomasal ulceration. J Am Vet Med Assoc 190:1550. PUBMED Abstract
  32. Arsecularatne SN, Panabokke RG, Wijesundra S. 1969. The toxins responsible for the lesions of Clostridium sordellii gas gangrene. J Med Microbiol 2:37. PUBMED Abstract

Miscellaneous Bovine Rickettsial, Bacterial, and Viral Disease Vaccines

  1. Richey EJ, Palmer GH. 1990. Bovine anaplasmosis. Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 12:1661.
  2. Aubry P, Geale D. 2011. A review of bovine anaplasmosis. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases 58:1. PUBMED Abstract
  3. Howden K, Geale D, Pare J, et al. 2010. An update on bovine anaplasmosis (Anaplasma marginale) in Canada. Canadian Vet J 51:837. PUBMED Abstract
  4. Kocan K, Fuente J, Step D, et al. 2010. Current challenges of the management and epidemiology of bovine anaplasmosis. Bovine Pract 44:93.
  5. Luther D, Hart L, Morris N, et al. 1990. Field trial of an experimental anaplasmosis vaccine in Louisiana. Ann Meeting US Animal Health Assoc 94:35.
  6. Kocan KM, de la Fuente J, Guglielmone AA, et al. 2003. Antigens and alternatives for control of Anaplasma marginale infection in cattle. Clin Microbiol Rev 16:698. PUBMED Abstract
  7. Henry ET, Norman BB, Fly DE, et al. 1983. Effects and use of a modified live Anaplasma marginale vaccine in beef heifers in California. J Am Vet Med Assoc 183:66. PUBMED Abstract
  8. De Wall DT. 2000. Anaplasmosis control and diagnosis in South Africa. Ann N Y Acad Sci 916:474. PUBMED Abstract
  9. Kocan KM, Blouin EF, Barbet AF. 2000. Anaplasmosis control: past, present, and future. Ann N Y Acad Sci 916:501. PUBMED Abstract
  10. Lahmers K, Norimine J, Abrahamsen M, et al. 2005. The CD4+ T cell immunodominant Anaplasma marginale major surface protein 2 stimulates gamma delta T cell clones that express unique T cell receptors. J Leukocyte Biol 77:1. PUBMED Abstract
  11. Fuente J, Lew A, Lutz H, et al. 2005. Genetic diversity of Anaplasma species major surface proteins and implications for anaplasmosis serodiagnosis and vaccine development. Anim Health Res Rev 6:75. PUBMED Abstract
  12. Brayton K, Palmer G, Brown W. 2006. Genomic and proteomic approaches to vaccine candidate identification for Anaplasma marginale. Expert Rev Vaccines 5:95. PUBMED Abstract
  13. Brayton K, Dark M, Palmer G. 2008. Anaplasma, pp 85-116. In Nene V, Cole K (eds), Genome mapping and genomics in animal-associated microbes. Springer Life Sciences, Heidelberg, Germany.
  14. Rodriguez S, Garcia MO, Jimenez O. 2009. Molecular epidemiology of bovine anaplasmosis with a particular focus in Mexico. Infect Genet Evol 9:1092. PUBMED Abstract
  15. Blouin EF, Saliki JT, Kocan KM, et al. 1998. Evaluation of Anaplasma marginale from tick cell culture as an immunogen for cattle. Ann N Y Acad Sci 849:253. PUBMED Abstract
  16. de Andrade GM, Machado RZ, Vidotto MC, et al. 2004. Immunization of bovines using a DNA vaccine (pcDNA3.1/MSP1b) prepared from the jaboticabal strain of Anaplasma marginale. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1026:257. PUBMED Abstract
  17. Kocan K, Fuente J, Blouin E. 2007. Targeting the tick/pathogen interface for developing new anaplasmosis vaccine strategies. Vet Res Comm 31:91. PUBMED Abstract

Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis

  1. Brown MH, Brightman AH, Fenwick BW, et al. 1998. Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis: a review. J Vet Intern Med 12:259. PUBMED Abstract
  2. Postma GC, Carfagnini JC, Minatel, L. 2008. Moraxella bovis pathogenicity: an update. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 31:449. PUBMED Abstract
  3. McConnel CS, House JK. 2005. Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis vaccine development. Aust Vet J 83:506. PUBMED Abstract
  4. Bayley AJ. 2010. Bovine biologic charts. Compendium of veterinary products, ed 12. North American Compendiums, Port Huron, MI.
  5. Burns MJ, O' Connor AM. 2008. Assessment of methodological quality and sources of variation in the magnitude of vaccine efficacy: a systematic review of studies from 1960 to 2005 reporting immunization with Moraxella bovis vaccines in young cattle. Vaccine 26:144. PUBMED Abstract
  6. Lepper AW, Atwell JL, Lehrbach PR, et al. 1995. The protective efficacy of cloned Moraxella bovis pili in monovalent and multivalent vaccine formulations against experimentally induced infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK). Vet Microbiol 45:129. PUBMED Abstract
  7. Lepper AW, Moore LJ, Atwell JL, et al. 1992. The protective efficacy of pili from different strains of Moraxella bovis within the same serogroup against infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis. Vet Microbiol 32:177. PUBMED Abstract
  8. Angeles JA, Hess JF, George LW. 2004. Prevention of naturally occurring infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis with a recombinant Moraxella bovis cytotoxin-ISCOM matrix adjuvanted vaccine. Vaccine 23:537. PUBMED Abstract
  9. George LW, Borrowman AJ, Angelos JA. 2005. Effectiveness of a cytolysin-enriched vaccine for protection of cattle against infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis. Am J Vet Res 66:136. PUBMED Abstract
  10. Angelos, JA Bonifacio RG, Ball LM, et al. 2007. Prevention of naturally occurring infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis with a recombinant Moraxella bovis pilin-Moraxella bovis cytotoxin-ISCOM matrix adjuvanted vaccine. Vet Microbiol 125:274.
  11. Zbrun MV, Zielinski GC, Piscitelli HC, et al. 2012. Evaluation of anti-Moraxella bovis pili immunoglobulin-A in tears following intranasal vaccination of cattle. Res Vet Sci 93:183. PUBMED Abstract
  12. Angelos JA, Lane VM, Ball LM, et al. 2010. Recombinant Moraxella bovoculi cytotoxin-ISCOM matrix adjuvanted vaccine to prevent naturally occurring infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis. Vet Res Comm 34:229.
  13. Davidson HJ, Stokka GL. 2003. A field trial of autogenous Moraxella bovis bacterin administered through either subcutaneous or subconjunctival injection on the development of keratoconjunctivitis in a beef herd. Can Vet J 44:577. PUBMED Abstract
  14. Funk L, O'Connor AM, Maroney M, et al. 2009. A randomized and blinded field trial to assess the efficacy of an autogenous vaccine to prevent naturally occurring infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK) in beef calves. Vaccine 27:4585. PUBMED Abstract

Staphylococcal Mastitis

  1. Pereira UP, Oliveira DGS, Mesquita LR, et al. 2011. Efficacy of Staphylococcus aureus vaccines for bovine mastitis: a systematic review. Vet Microbiol 148:117. PUBMED Abstract
  2. Middleton JR, Luby CD, Adams DS. 2009. Efficacy of vaccination against staphylococcal mastitis: a review and new data. Vet Microbiol 134:192. PUBMED Abstract
  3. Bayley AJ. 2010. Bovine biologic charts. Compendium of veterinary products, ed 12. North American Compendiums, Port Huron, MI.
  4. Leitner G, Lubashevsky E, Glickman A, et al. 2003. Development of a Staphylococcus aureus vaccine against mastitis in dairy cows I. Challenge trials. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 93:31. PUBMED Abstract
  5. Leitner G, Krifucks O, Kiran MD, et al. 2011. Vaccine development for the prevention of staphylococcal mastitis in dairy cows. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 142:25. PUBMED Abstract
  6. Calzolari A, Giraudo JA, Rampone H, et al. 1997. Field trials of a vaccine against bovine mastitis. II, Evaluation in two commercial dairy herds. J Dairy Sci 80:854.
  7. Smith GW, Lyman RL, Anderson KL. 2006. Efficacy of vaccination and antimicrobial treatment to eliminate chronic intramammary Staphylococcus aureus infections in dairy cattle. J Am Vet Med Assoc 228:422.
  8. McCarthy AJ, Lindsay JA. 2010. Genetic variation in Staphylococcus aureus surface and immune evasion genes is lineage associated: implications for vaccine design and host-pathogen interactions. BMC Microbiol 10:173.
  9. Talbot BG, Lacasse P. 2005. Progress in the development of mastitis vaccines. Livestock Prod Sci 98:101.
  10. Tollersrud T, Zernichow L, Andersen SR, et al. 2001. Staphylococcus aureus capsular polysaccharide type 5 conjugate and whole cell vaccines stimulate antibody responses in cattle. Vaccine 19:3896. PUBMED Abstract
  11. Lee JW, O'Brien CN, Guidry AJ, et al. 2005. Effect of a trivalent vaccine against Staphylococcus aureus mastitis lymphocyte subpopulations, antibody production, and neutrophil phagocytosis. Can J Vet Res 69:11. PUBMED Abstract
  12. Ster C, Beaudoin R, Diarra MS, et al. 2010. Evaluation of some Staphylococcus aureus iron-regulated proteins as vaccine targets. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 136:311. PUBMED Abstract
  13. Chang BS, Moon JS, Kang HM, et al. 2008. Protective effects of recombinant staphylococcal enterotoxin type C mutant vaccine against experimental bovine infection by a strain of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from subclinical mastitis in dairy cattle. Vaccine 26:2081. PUBMED Abstract
  14. Gaudreau MC, Lacasse P, Talbot BG. 2007. Protective immune responses to a multi-gene DNA vaccine against Staphylococcus aureus. Vaccine 25:814. PUBMED Abstract
  15. Xu H, Hu C, Gong R, et al. 2011. Evaluation of a novel chimeric B cell epitope-based vaccine against mastitis induced by either Streptococcus agalactiae or Staphylococcus aureus in mice. Clin Vaccine Immunol 18:893. PUBMED Abstract
  16. Bolton A, Song XM, Willson P, et al. 2004. Use of the surface proteins GapC and Mig of Streptococcus dysgalactiae as potential protective antigens against bovine mastitis. Can J Microbiol 50:423. PUBMED Abstract
  17. Fontaine MC, Perez-Casal J, Song XM, et al. 2002. Immunisation of dairy cattle with recombinant Streptococcus uberis GapC or a chimeric CAMP antigen confers protection against heterologous bacterial challenge. Vaccine 20:2278. PUBMED Abstract

Anthrax

  1. Fasanella A, Galante D, Garofolo G, et al. 2010. Anthrax undervalued zoonosis. Vet Microbiol 140:318. PUBMED Abstract
  2. Turnbull PCB. 1991. Anthrax vaccines: past, present, and future. Vaccine 95:533. PUBMED Abstract
  3. Turner AJ, Galvin JW, Rubira RJ, et al. 1999. Experiences with vaccination and epidemiological investigations on an anthrax outbreak in Australia in 1997. J Appl Microbiol 87:294. PUBMED Abstract
  4. Lewerin SS, Elvander M, Westermark T, et al. 2010. Anthrax outbreak in a Swedish beef cattle herd—1st case in 27 years: case report. Acta Vet Scand 52:7. PUBMED Abstract
  5. Mongoh MN, Dyer NW, Stoltenow CL, et al. 2008. A review of management practices for the control of anthrax in animals: the 2005 anthrax epizootic in North Dakota—case study. Zoonoses Pub Health 55:279. PUBMED Abstract
  6. Baillie LW. 2009. Is new always better than old?: the development of human vaccines for anthrax. Hum Vaccines 5:806. PUBMED Abstract
  7. Galloway DR, Baillie L. 2004. DNA vaccines against anthrax. Expert Opin Biol Ther 4:1661. PUBMED Abstract
  8. Baillie L. 2001. The development of new vaccines against Bacillus anthracis. J Appl Microbiol 91:609. PUBMED Abstract
  9. Fasanella A, Tonello F, Garofolo G, et al. 2008. Protective activity and immunogenicity of two recombinant anthrax vaccines for veterinary use. Vaccine 26:5684. PUBMED Abstract

Interdigital Necrobacillosis (Foot Rot)

  1. Stokka GL, Lechtenberg K, Edwards T, et al. 2001. Lameness in feedlot cattle. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract 17:189. PUBMED Abstract
  2. Bennett G, Hickford J, Zhou H, et al. 2009. Detection of Fusobacterium necrophorum and Dichelobacter nodosus in lame cattle on dairy farms in New Zealand. Res Vet Sci 87:413. PUBMED Abstract
  3. Sun DB, Wu R, Guo DH, et al. 2011. Combination of Dichelobacter nodosus LAMP with Fusobacterium necrophorum LAMP for detecting hoof swabs from dairy cattle footrot. African J Microbiol Res 5:667.
  4. Checkley SL, Janzen ED, Campbell JR, et al. 2005. Efficacy of vaccination against Fusobacterium necrophorum infection for control of liver abscesses and footrot in feedlot cattle in western Canada. Can Vet J 46:1002. PUBMED Abstract
  5. Clark BL, Emery DL, Stewart DJ, et al. 1986. Studies into the immunization of cattle against interdigital necrobacillosis. Aust Vet J 63:107. PUBMED Abstract
  6. Narayanan SK, Chengappa MM, Stewart GC, et al. 2003. Immunogenicity and protective effects of truncated recombinant leukotoxin proteins of Fusobacterium necrophorum in mice. Vet Microbiol 93:335. PUBMED Abstract
  7. Sun DB, Wu R, Li GL, et al. 2009. Identification of three immunodominant regions on leukotoxin protein of Fusobacterium necrophorum. Vet Res Commun 33:749. PUBMED Abstract
  8. Zhou H, Bennett G, Hickford JGH. 2009. Variation in Fusobacterium necrophorum strains present on the hooves of footrot infected sheep, goats and cattle. Vet Microbiol 135:363. PUBMED Abstract

Papillomatous Digital Dermatitis (Foot Warts)

  1. Blowey RW, Sharp MW. 1988. Digital dermatitis in dairy cattle. Vet Rec 122:505. PUBMED Abstract
  2. Shearer JK, Hernandez J, Elliott JB. 1998. Papillomatous digital dermatitis: treatment and control strategies. II. Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 20:S213.
  3. Nordhoff M, Moter A, Schrank K, et al. 2008. High prevalence of treponemes in bovine digital dermatitis—a molecular epidemiology. Vet Microbiol 131:293. PUBMED Abstract
  4. Yano T, Moe KK, Yamazaki K, et al. 2010. Identification of candidate pathogens of papillomatous digital dermatitis in dairy cattle from quantitative 16S rRNA clonal analysis. Vet Microbiol 143:352. PUBMED Abstract
  5. Brandt S, Apprich V, Hackl V, et al. 2011. Prevalence of bovine papillomavirus and Treponema DNA in bovine digital dermatitis lesions. Vet Microbiol 148:161. PUBMED Abstract
  6. Rebhun WC, Payne RM, King JM, et al. 1980. Interdigital papillomatosis in dairy cattle. J Am Vet Med Assoc 177:437. PUBMED Abstract
  7. Moe KK, Yano T, Misumi K, et al. 2010. Detection of antibodies against Fusobacterium necrophorum and Porphyromonas levii-like species in dairy cattle with papillomatous digital dermatitis. Microbiol Immunol 54:338. PUBMED Abstract
  8. Fidler AP, Alley ML, Smith GW. 2012. Evaluation of a Serpens species bacterin for treatment of digital dermatitis in dairy cattle. Res Vet Sci 93:1258. PUBMED Abstract
  9. Berry SL, Graham TW, Mongini A, et al. 1999. The efficacy of Serpens spp. bacterin combined with topical administration of lincomycin hydrochloride for treatment of papillomatous digital dermatitis (footwarts) in cows on a dairy in California. Bovine Pract 33:6.

Rabies

  1. Briggs DJ. 1999. Rabies in food animals, pp 304-306. In Howard JL, Smith RA (eds), Current veterinary therapy 4: food animal practice. WB Saunders, Philadelphia, PA.
  2. Blanton JD, Palmer D, Dyer J, et al. 2011. Rabies surveillance in the United States during 2010. J Am Vet Med Assoc 239:773. PUBMED Abstract
  3. Streicker DG, Recuenco S, Valderrama W, et al. 2012. Ecological and anthropogenic drivers of rabies exposure in vampire bats: implications for transmission and control. Proc R Soc B 279:3384. PUBMED Abstract
  4. Zulu GC, Sabeta CT, Nel LH. 2009. Molecular epidemiology of rabies: focus on domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) and black-backed jackals (Canis mesomelas) from northern South Africa. Virus Res 140:71. PUBMED Abstract
  5. Bayley AJ. 2010. Bovine biologic charts. Compendium of veterinary products, ed 12. North American Compendiums, Port Huron, MI.
  6. Sihvonen L, Kulonen K, Neuvonen E. 1994. Immunization of cattle against rabies using inactivated cell culture vaccines. Acta Vet Scand 35:371. PUBMED Abstract
  7. Aspden K, van Dijk AA, Bingham J, et al. 2002. Immunogenicity of a recombinant lumpy skin disease virus (neethling vaccine strain) expressing the rabies virus glycoprotein in cattle. Vaccine 20:2693. PUBMED Abstract
  8. Weyer J, Rupprecht CE, Nel LH. 2009. Poxvirus-vectored vaccines for rabies—a review. Vaccine 27:7198. PUBMED Abstract

Fibropapillomas (Warts)

  1. Borzacchiello G, Roperto F. 2008. Bovine papillomaviruses, papillomas and cancer in cattle. Vet Res 39:45. PUBMED Abstract
  2. Nasir L, Campo MS. 2008. Bovine papillomaviruses: their role in the aetiology of cutaneous tumors of bovids and equids. Vet Dermatol 19:243. PUBMED Abstract
  3. Scott DW. 1999. Neoplastic skin diseases, pp 720-724. In Howard JL, Smith RA (eds), Current veterinary therapy 4: food animal practice. WB Saunders, Philadelphia, PA.
  4. Pathania S, Kumar P, Devi LG, et al. 2011. Preliminary assessment of binary ethylenimine inactivated and saponized cutaneous warts (BPV-2) therapeutic vaccine for enzootic bovine haematuria in hill cows. Vaccine 29:7296. PUBMED Abstract
  5. Bayley AJ. 2010. Bovine biologic charts. Compendium of veterinary products, ed 12. North American Compendiums, Port Huron, MI.
  6. Pangty K, Singh S, Pandey AB, et al. 2010. Preliminary binary ethylenimine (BEI) inactivated bovine papillomavirus (BPV) vaccine trial against cutaneous warts in bull calves: a pathological assessment. Braz J Vet Pathol 3:105.
  7. Jagu S, Malandro N, Kwak K, et al. 2011. A multimeric L2 vaccine for prevention of animal papillomavirus infections. Virol 420:43. PUBMED Abstract